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The article deals with heat liberation of barium cements, which influences the crack formation in mass concrete structures. The results of heat release and physical testing of barium cements with a different content of BaO are presented in this paper. The strength of cement and its setting time will decrease significantly, if the content of BaO in clinker is high (about 47%). This cement is characterized by a low water requirement and heat liberation. Properties of cement with a low content of barium oxide (5.5%) are close to the properties of the standard Portland cement. In this case heat liberation is low in the initial period of hardening, but at the later stage it exceeds the exotherm of a reference sample. A small amount of BaO in cement clinker reduces the exothermic effect and increases the thermal crack resistance of concrete.