In order to achieve multiple benefits of building information modelling (BIM) in the construction project, the BIM methodology should not only be implemented in a project-related manner but also in a fully enterprise-related manner. Thereby model-based costing is one of the most important BIM use cases, which can be found in any project stage and is relevant to all project stakeholders. But the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry in the particular face numerous problems and difficulties in adopting the BIM methodology in their business processes. This research aims to investigate the process of the 5D BIM implementation in small and medium-sized planning, engineering offices, construction companies, and project developers. The main body of the work is based on a review of 24 implementation projects of the model-based costing in SMEs that the authors have carried out as part of their practice as BIM consultants and trainers in Germany. These projects are analysed to develop a concept for a smooth, individually adaptable implementation of 5D BIM in SMEs. The results are summarised in the concept framework for a sustainable 5D BIM implementation approach that illustrate the priority and hierarchy of the main activities in the implementation process. The designed concept can be used by different stakeholders of the AEC industry and provides a solid basis for organisations to make informed decisions in adopting 5D BIM in the body of the organisation structure. Thus, this research is an essential contribution to the knowledge about the enterprise-related implementation of 5D BIM.