This is a brief report of the etiology of infectious diseases in a pediatric emergency department. Our cohort study of 4647 children demonstrated rhinovirus as the most common etiology in a pediatric emergency department (23%) and intensive care (48%). The population-based incidence of rhinovirus-related visits was 1796/100,000/yr in children <5 years. The most common bacterial pathogen was Escherichia coli (5%).

Acute illnesses represent the most frequent reason for paediatric emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions in children. Most of the previous studies of paediatric EDs have focused on chief complaints or reported only selected diagnoses. [1][2][3] Here, we

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