Our results indicate the significant role of skin ultrasonography in the complete clinical evaluation of patients with AD, which may serve as an element in selection of the most appropriate topical treatment. An echopoor band beneath the echo entry within nonlesional skin of some AD patients may reflect subclinical eczematous reaction and the readiness for the development of typical skin lesions. For this purpose, we suggest to name an intact skin in AD as seemingly healthy skin.
We investigated quality of life (WHOQoL-BREF), perceived stress (PSS-10), anxiety and depression (HADS-M), life satisfaction (SWLS), and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol in family caregivers (n = 94) and professional caregivers (n = 48) of demented patients, as well as among noncaregivers (n = 30). Compared with professional caregivers, family caregivers had higher scores in HADS-M depression ( P = .003) and anxiety ( P = .033), lower life satisfaction ( P = .04), and lower quality of life in psychological ( P = .02) and social relationship ( P = .03) domains. There were no differences in serum levels of IL-6, CRP, or cortisol between caregivers and control participants. In multivariable analysis, when family relationship was considered together with the time period of caregiving and results of the Mini-Mental State Examination test in care recipients (n = 118, 12.49 ± 7.99), only family relationship influenced scores in HADS-M depression ( P = .004), SWLS scores ( P = .011), and WHOQoL-BREF scores in psychological ( P = .011) and social relationship ( P = .008) domains. In conclusion, family caregivers are more stressed and have deeper depressive and anxiety disorders, lower life satisfaction, and lower quality of life than professional caregivers.
Descriptions and interpretations of cases in which a doctor becomes a patient are rather marginal in the Polish and Western medical literature. Still, analysis of doctors’ behaviours when they become patients themselves seems interesting. The available research results suggest that doctors find it difficult to adopt the role of a patient and very often delay the process of diagnosis and therapy. A substantial number of them treat themselves and have problems with following therapeutic advice. There are particular features which make doctors demanding or even tough when placed in the role of a patient. Doctors often select ‘partners’ in therapy among their colleagues, expect ‘individual therapy’ and ‘special’ treatment (a longer appointment, consultation after regular working hours etc.). The problem of ‘doctors in sickness’ has been addressed by professional organisations. The British General Medical Council suggests that due to potential risk for one’s patients’ and one’s own health, an ill doctor should consult his/her highly qualified colleague and follow the advice. Moreover, he/she is advised to consult a GP who is not a member of their family in order to guarantee independent and objective medical care. Similar solutions have been adopted by medical organisations from other countries.
Przedmiotem analizy są zachowania zdrowotne kobiet w wieku 25–59 lat i ich uwarunkowania, stanowiące jednocześnie kontekst społeczny profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy w Polsce. Wśród interesujących nas zjawisk można wymienić: zadowolenie z życia (w tym: zdrowia, pracy, rodziny, życia seksualnego), warunki udanego i szczęśliwego życia, charakter i źródła wsparcia społecznego, doświadczanie trudnych sytuacji życiowych, obciążenie obowiązkami domowymi i rodzinnymi, potoczne definicje zdrowia, zachowania prozdrowotne i stan zdrowia (oceny w oparciu o diagnozy uzyskane od lekarzy). W badaniach uwzględniono także pytania dotyczące dostępności i korzystania z usług medycznych (lekarz rodzinny, lekarz specjalista, stomatolog), badań genetycznych związanych z ryzykiem wystąpienia choroby nowotworowej oraz porad lekarza ginekologa i profilaktyki cytologicznej. Podstawę dla sformułowanych wniosków stanowią wyniki ogólnopolskich, reprezentatywnych badań przeprowadzonych w ramach grantu Narodowego Centrum Nauki przyznanego na realizację projektu pt. „Problem zgłaszalności kobiet na badania cytologiczne w Polsce. Próba analizy socjomedycznej”. Badania o charakterze ilościowym (wywiady kwestionariuszowe, CAPI) przeprowadzono na próbie 500 kobiet w wieku 25–59 lat w celu odzwierciedlenia cech populacji generalnej kobiet objętej Populacyjnym Programem Profilaktyki i Wczesnego Wykrywania Raka Szyjki Macicy.
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