The characteristics of various fast pyrolysis oils, based
on diverse
sources of biomass, were investigated. The studied pyrolysis oils
were products of the Karlsruhe Bioliq process, supplemented by some
purchased samples. The quantification of water content and viscosity
of the samples were determined by conventional analyses. Various NMR
techniques were examined with respect to their applicability as tools
for process analysis of the pyrolysis products. Low-field NMR spectroscopy
(medium-resolution NMR, MR-NMR) combined with PLS-R was used for determination
of the water concentration. In addition, two diffusion NMR approaches
were investigated: pulsed field gradient (PFG-)NMR and single-sided
NMR. Correlations of the diffusion coefficients resulting from both
methods, with viscosity and water concentration, showed the suitability
of the methods for process analysis in this context. All three NMR
approaches were found to be advantageous for the characterization
of pyrolysis oils by their water content and viscosity. Due to their
technical robustness, MR-NMR and single-sided NMR were found to be
promising tools for (online) process analysis in the pyrolysis process.
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