This article is devoted to the consideration of such a phenomenon of the XXI century as hashtags - a navigation tool that helps to navigate the flow of information and redirects Internet and social network users along the path they are interested in. The purpose of this article is to study hashtags as a means of replenishing the vocabulary of modern Spanish, French and Russian languages as complex nouns of the "lexicalized sentence" type. The study was based on lexicographic, descriptive, comparative methods, as well as methods of cognitive and structural-semantic analysis and the method of continuous sampling. The features of the functioning of complex nouns of the "lexicalized sentence" type, formed from popular hashtags, are illustrated in the article with examples in Spanish, French and Russian from the modern press and the blogosphere. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that hashtags are considered for the first time as a source of replenishment of the vocabulary of a particular language. A comparative analysis of the structural and semantic features of complex nouns of the "lexicalized sentence" type, formed from popular hashtags, made it possible to identify criteria for classifying such linguistic neologisms as complex nouns of this type in modern Spanish, French and Russian. The study showed that hashtags have a high functional potential and in the last two decades have been one of the productive ways to form new complex nouns such as "lexicalized sentence" in various languages.

This article is devoted to the review of the main ways of increasing the phraseological units of the language in the context of word creation. The purpose of this article is to study phraseological neologisms as one of the forms of word creation in the lexical system of English, Spanish, French and Russian languages, as well as to identify the main trends in the formation and functioning of new phraseological units. The research is based on lexicographic, descriptive, comparative methods, as well as lexico-semantic analysis and the continuous sampling method. The peculiarities of the formation of phraseological neologisms are illustrated by numerous examples in English, Spanish, French and Russian from modern media, blogs and social networks. The scientific novelty of the research lies in an integrated approach to the study of linguistic and extralinguistic factors influencing the emergence of new phraseologisms in different languages. Phraseological neologisms can either be an integral part of the vocabulary of a particular language, or have only a temporary, momentary, occasional character. The conducted research has shown that in the creation of new phraseologisms, certain samples are most often used, and the most productive ways are borrowing phraseological units, the formation of new phraseologisms by analogy and the creation of author's phraseological neologisms. Of particular interest are cases when the source of new phraseologisms are the titles of books and films, as well as the lyrics of songs.