Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) using phase change materials (PCM) is one of the most promising ways for thermal energy storage (TES), especially in lightweight buildings. However, accurate control of the phase transition of PCM is not easy to predict. For example, neglecting the hysteresis or the effect of the speed of phase change processes reduces the accuracy of simulations of TES. In this paper, the authors propose a new software module for EnergyPlus™ that aims to simulate the hysteresis of PCMs during the phase change. The new module is tested by comparing simulation results with experimental tests done in a climatic chamber. A strong consistency between experimental and simulation results was obtained, while a discrepancy error of less than 1% was obtained. Moreover, in real conditions, as a result of quick temperature changes, only a partial phase transformation of the material is often observed. The new model also allows the consideration of the case with partial phase changes of the PCM. Finally, the simulation algorithm presented in this article aims to represent a better way to model LHTES with PCM.
The use of phase change materials (PCM) in different building applications is a hot topic in today’s research and development activities. Numerous experimental tests confirmed that the hysteresis of the phase change process has a noticeable effect on heat accumulation in PCM. The authors are trying to answer the question of whether the neglecting of hysteresis or the impact of the speed of phase transformation processes reduce the accuracy of the simulation. The analysis was performed for a model building, created to validate the energy calculations. It was also important to conduct simulations for the polish climatic conditions. The calculations were conducted for three variants of materials. In addition, in the case of models containing layers with PCM, calculations were made both taking into account, as well as excluding material hysteresis in the calculations. In the analyzed examples, after taking into account hysteresis in the calculations, the period of time when surface temperature is below the phase change temperature of the materials decreased by 10.6% and 29.4% between 01 June to 30 September, for the options with PCM boards and Dupont boards, respectively. Significant differences in surface temperature were also observed. The effects of neglecting, even relatively small hysteresis, in the calculations are noticeable and can lead to significant errors in the calculation.
The aim of the study is to gain information on the actual effects of PCM labor in building partitions. The tested materials were plasterboards containing microcapsules of PCM. Two types of boards with various thermal characteristics of the contained PCM phase change and a simple plasterboard without PCM were tested. The results presented in this paper are one of the few stages of broader research on various PCM materials and different ways of their application. The lightweight wall of timber frame with high thermal insulation was subjected to set of test. The research was conducted in a complex of environmental chambers which allows provide different temperature curve of the chamber possible for real climatic conditions. The temperature and the density of heat flux were the values measured both on the surface and between wall layers. The results of measurements can also serve as a basis to determine the actual thermal characteristics of a partition wall with PCM layers, which can be helpful in creating a design tool to select an appropriate amount of PCM in relation to the thermal load of the building.
Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja parametrów termicznych materiałów budowlanych otrzymanych przy użyciu dwóch różnych metod pomiarowych. Metody pomiarowe parametrów termicznych można podzielić na dwie zasadnicze grupy: metody stacjonarne (realizowane przy ustalonym strumieniu cieplnym) oraz metody niestacjonarne (realizowane przy nieustalonym strumieniu cieplnym). W artykule analizowano możliwość prowadzenia stosunkowo szybkich badań przy użyciu urządzenia przenośnego, którego działanie oparte jest na metodzie dynamicznej. Wyniki porównywano do wartości otrzymanych z pomiarów wykonanych metodą stacjonarną w bardzo dokładnym i rekomendowanym aparacie płytowy. Badaniom poddano próbki popularnie stosowanych materiałów dociepleniowych tj.: sztywnej pianki poliuretanowej, styropianu i wełny mineralnej (mat miękkich oraz twardych płyt) o grubościach 4-6 cm i 10cm. Analizowano także możliwość stosowania różnych rodzajów sond pomiarowych, które współpracują z urządzeniem przenośnym. Dużą zaletą urządzenia przenośnego jest możliwość jego użycia podczas badań polowych. Niestety przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, że w przypadku materiałów termoizolacyjnych dokładność tej metody można uznać za wysoką jedynie w przypadku warstw o grubości 10 cm. W przypadku cieńszych warstw materiału (ok.5 cm) uzyskane wyniki mogą być obarczone znacznym błędem. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań dla wąskiego zakresu materiałów termoizolacyjnych zaobserwowano, iż wyniki uzyskane z pomiarów wykonanych przy użyciu przyrządu Isomet są w większości przypadków wynikami zawyżonymi (w porównaniu z wynikami otrzymanymi z pomiarów w aparacie płytowym jak i wartościami zawartymi w specyfikacji producenta).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.