Background: Inappropriate use of drugs and certain cosmetics can cause potential harm to the mother as well as the fetus. Good knowledge about drug use can help pregnant women make informed decisions. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude among pregnant women regarding the usage of drugs and cosmetics during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the antenatal clinic of a tertiary care centre from August to November 2018 in 384 randomly selected pregnant women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Around 51.56% of pregnant women believed that drugs may have an effect on them or the fetus and 11.19% believed the same for cosmetics. More than half of them feel that drugs should mainly be avoided in the third trimester. Around 25% of women believed that the irrational use of drugs could cause congenital anomalies in the fetus. About 58.07% of women were of the opinion that pregnancy requires the consumption of many drugs and 34.11% preferred to use alternative medicine during pregnancy. The primary source of information in majority of women was doctors followed by media. Around 32.03% of women had taken drugs outside a doctor's prescription during their pregnancy. A decrease in cosmetic use was reported by 4.94% women. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding the correct use of drugs and cosmetics during pregnancy is poor. The use of non-prescribed medications is high. Educational programs for women to increase their knowledge of the potential risks to them as well as the fetus are necessary.

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Morbidly adherent placenta is a serious and a catastrophic pregnancy complication. In this condition, the placenta penetrates deeply inside the uterine walls and is not separated after delivery of the baby. Reporting herewith a case of a primigravida who had undergone Emergency lower segment Caesarean section at a private hospital for severe pregnancy induced hypertension with IUGR and then was referred to Tertiary Care hospital with placenta left in-situ due to non-separation of the placenta at the time of caesarean section. Conservative management was given using Methotrexate which is an anti-metabolite alternatively with Leucovorin (Folinic acid) and followed up with serial ultrasonography with Doppler for placental size and volume and beta-HCG levels which showed a decreasing trend respectively.

Background: Breastmilk is considered as one of the healthiest, nutrition-rich yet least expensive method of infant feeding. It is a universally accepted fact that breastmilk meets all the nutritional demands of the new-born. There are extensive benefits of breastfeeding for the new-born as well as for the nursing mother which have been documented from time to time.Methods: A multiple-choice questionnaire was used to interview the participants during data collection.Results: Using the IBM SPSS version 20 software, descriptive analysis of the categorical variables has been presented using frequency and percentage tables. Regarding the practices about breast feeding in primigravidas, their concepts about the same have been captured in this study.Conclusions: Though the knowledge about exclusive breast feeding was not extraordinary among the participants, they had a very favourable attitude towards the same. Almost all patients were also extremely receptive and inquisitive during the session for discussion about the same.

Background: Congenital malformations are morphological or functional anomalies that occur in the prenatal period as a result of genetic mutation, chromosomal abnormalities and adverse intrauterine environment. Early recognition is important. If congenital malformations are detected beyond the period of legal limit for medical termination of pregnancy, it carries immense burden on the pregnant woman.Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of patient-records, over a span of 9 consecutive months in the Department of Obstetrics and Paediatric Surgery, at a tertiary care centre, Mumbai. The project was carried out to study demographic profiles, risk factors and system-wise distribution of pregnant women carrying malformed fetus.Results: The average annual incidence rate was 29 per 1000 deliveries. Of 151 patients, renal malformations were the commonest accounted for 40% of all congenital malformations. This was followed by central nervous system 32%, cardiovascular 14%, gastrointestinal 8% and musculoskeletal 3%. Congenital malformations were more common in multigravida than primigravida. 92% of congenital malformations were detected beyond 20 weeks of gestation. Previous abortions, hypothyroidism and raised sugars were associated high risk factors.Conclusions: The diagnosis of congenital malformation using ultrasonography occurs at a later gestational age than 20 weeks. For these patients a combined approach of the obstetrician/neonatologist/paediatric surgeon allows better counselling of parents and to permit preparation of the team to optimize neonatal outcomes.