In the present study, the seeds of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) var. Mattu Gulla were irradiated with single exposure of He-Ne laser at different doses of 5-40 J cm(-2) and germinated aseptically. Thirty day old seedlings were harvested and the germination, growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were estimated and compared with un-irradiated control seedlings. A significant enhancement in growth characters were noted with respect to length, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots. In addition, chlorophyll (a and b), carotenoid content, anthocyanin and amylases (α and β) activities were found to be altered. Significant alterations in percentage of seed germination (P < 0.001) and time to 50% germination (P < 0.001) were observed in the irradiated seeds compared with the un-irradiated controls. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that low dose (5-30 J cm(-2) ) of He-Ne laser irradiation enhanced the germination process and altered growth, by positively influencing physiological and biochemical parameters of the brinjal seedlings compared with un-irradiated control under in vitro conditions.
This paper describes a protocol to develop cotton mutant lines with improved yield and fiber characters. Immature ovules [(15-day post-anthesis ovules (dap)] were irradiated with 10-50 Gy gamma rays and treated with 1-5 mM EMS and SA to investigate the stimulatory effects of mutagenic treatments. During the subsequent field trials, the mutant lines showed significant variations from control lines. Lower dose/concentration of mutagenic treatments effectively stimulate the agronomical characters like early flowering, plant height, number of bolls, yield of seed cotton, ginning percent, seed index, harvest index and fiber characters while exposure at higher dose/concentration results in lowering the value of the parameters. Consequently, we use this approach to induce genetic variability for obtaining novel mutant cotton cultivars. Among the 19 different mutant lines isolated from the study, M7 showed higher morphological variations in terms of yield characters such as plant height, number of bolls, yield of seed cotton, ginning percent and fiber characters. Significant increase in cellulose content was also noted in mutant lines, whereas moderate increase was observed in total fiber units of the mutant lines. The selected cotton mutant lines for cultivars were investigated systematically; these lines significantly increased the potential for agronomical enhancement of cotton yield.
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