Article reçu le 12 février 2019, accepté le 22 juin 2019 Résumé. L'albumine plasmatique peut comme toutes les protéines subir le phénomène de glycation pour donner de l'albumine glyquée. Cette glycation va modifier la structure et donc les fonctionnalités de l'albumine. La glycation de l'albumine est supérieure à celle de l'hémoglobine car sa composition est riche en acides aminés basiques et il s'agit d'une protéine extracellulaire abondante et facilement accessible. La mesure au laboratoire de l'albumine glyquée est possible. Sa valeur reflète l'équilibre glycémique sur une période de 3 semaines du fait de la demi-vie de l'albumine, et montre tout son intérêt dans les cas où le dosage de l'HbA 1c est impossible ou mis en défaut. Il semble également que l'albumine glyquée présente un intérêt pronostique chez le sujet insuffisant rénal chronique qu'il soit dialysé ou non. Son dosage pourrait remplacer celui des fructosamines et apporter des informations supplémentaires à celui de l'HbA 1c .
Background: Analysis of serum biomarkers for the assessment of atrophic gastritis (AG), a gastric precancerous lesion, is of growing interest for identification of patients at increased risk of gastric cancer. The aim was to analyze the diagnostic performance of serum pepsinogen testing using another method, chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA), as well as of other new potential biomarkers. Material and Methods: The sera of patients considered at increased risk of gastric cancer and undergoing upper endoscopy collected in our previous prospective, multicenter study were tested for pepsinogen I (PGI) and II (PGII), interleukin-6 (IL-6), human epididymal protein 4 (HE-4), adiponectin, ferritin and Krebs von den Lungen (KL-6) using the CLEIA. The diagnostic performance for the detection of AG was calculated by taking histology as the reference. Results: In total, 356 patients (162 men (46%); mean age 58.6 (±14.2) years), including 152 with AG, were included. For the detection of moderate to severe corpus AG, sensitivity and specificity of the pepsinogen I/II ratio were of 75.0% (95%CI 57.8–87.9) and 92.6% (88.2–95.8), respectively. For the detection of moderate to severe antrum AG, sensitivity of IL-6 was of 72.2% (95%CI 46.5–90.3). Combination of pepsinogen I/II ratio or HE-4 showed a sensitivity of 85.2% (95%CI 72.9–93.4) for the detection of moderate to severe AG at any location. Conclusion: This study shows that PG testing by CLEIA represents an accurate assay for the detection of corpus AG. Additionally, IL-6 and HE-4 may be of interest for the detection of antrum AG. Mini-abstract: Pepsinogens testing by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay is accurate for the detection of corpus atrophic gastritis. IL-6 and HE-4 maybe of interest for the detection of antrum atrophic gastritis.
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