The objective of this research was to investigate the technical feasibility of producing plywood by green-gluing technology. 2.5 mm thick rotary cut veneers obtained from steamed maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) logs were used. Plywood was manufactured under vacuum with veneers in a wet state. Five-layer plywood panels were produced using a one-component polyurethane adhesive to evaluate the effects of two parameters, the wood moisture content and the amount of adhesive, on the mechanical properties of plywood. First, a full factorial experimental design was realised to study the bond performance. Shear tests were carried out in order to determine the bond quality and failure type. It was observed that the values of plywood panels' shear strength depend more on the wood moisture content than on the amount of adhesive applied. A model representing the shear strength of the panels according to the manufacturing parameters was established by using statistical analyses. Another part of this study focused on microscopic observations of the bondline in order to get information about the joint morphology and the degree of adhesive penetration into the wood structure. Results suggested that definite proportions of water (moisture content between 30 and 60 %) and adhesive have to be present on wood surface when gluing to create efficient bonds. These analyses were followed by the panel's characterisation in flexure to validate the process.
Fort d’une importante ressource (bois sur pied), le Tremble (Populus tremula L.) français reste souvent destiné à la trituration et au bois énergie faute de propriétés physico-mécaniques établies. À ce jour, cette essence est utilisée pour la fabrication des barquettes de cuisson par PANIBOIS à partir de bois déroulé provenant de Russie. En parallèle de « l’étude quantitative et qualitative du Tremble pour la production de moules de cuisson » , pour laquelle 13 arbres ont été sélectionnés sur 3 parcelles, des billons ont été prélevés pour réaliser des éprouvettes d’essais en grandeur d’emploi destinées au marché de la construction bois. L’analyse des résultats montre que le Tremble présente de très bonnes propriétés mécaniques, bien au-delà des mêmes propriétés affichées pour les cultivars de peupliers. Le Tremble pourrait donc se substituer aux peupliers dès lors que cette dernière ressource tendrait à se raréfier. Il reste toutefois à imaginer une sylviculture applicable dans les peuplements existants et à résoudre le problème de la mobilisation d’une ressource disséminée. Le Tremble a donc une carte à jouer dans les processus industriels, encore faut-il le caractériser.
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