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Background The objective of this study was to compare the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of Dutch adult male and female childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) to general population references and to study medical determinants. Methods CCSs from the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study LATER cohort (1963‐2001) part 2, who were 18 years old or older (time since diagnosis ≥ 5 years), were invited to complete the TNO‐AZL Questionnaire for Adult Health‐Related Quality of Life. Domain scores and proportions of CCSs with impaired HRQOL (score < 25th percentile of the reference scores) were compared with references via Mann‐Whitney U tests and logistic regression analyses corrected for age and sex (P < .004). Interactions of group with sex were included if they were significant (P < .05). Moreover, medical determinants were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results HRQOL scores for 1766 CCSs (mean age, 35.9 years [standard deviation, 9.4 years]; male, 51%; response rate, 71%) differed from references on most domains with small effect sizes. Both male and female CCSs were more often impaired in gross and fine motor functioning, cognitive functioning, sleep, and vitality with odds ratios (ORs) > 1.4. In addition, female CCSs were more often impaired in daily activities, pain, and sexuality (ORs, 1.4‐1.9) and were less often aggressive (OR, 0.6). CCCs of central nervous system (CNS) tumors, bone tumors, and retinoblastoma and those with cranial, abdominopelvic, or lower extremity radiotherapy were at increased risk of impairment in 1 or more domains. Conclusions Dutch adult CCSs, especially females, have impaired HRQOL in several domains; this is most pronounced in cognitive functioning. The vulnerabilities of subgroups at risk, such as CCSs of CNS tumors, were confirmed. Surveillance of HRQOL and multidisciplinary survivor care are recommended. Lay Summary The health‐related quality of life in a Dutch nationwide cohort of 1766 survivors of childhood cancer was studied. Survivors of childhood cancer were found to have lower health‐related quality of life in several domains (eg, motor functioning and vitality) in comparison with the general population. They most often reported low cognitive functioning (eg, memory and attention). Females had low health‐related quality of life in more domains than males. Survivors of brain tumors had low health‐related quality of life in most domains. Monitoring health‐related quality of life regularly and collaborating between disciplines in survivor care is recommended.

Objective: To describe health-related quality of life (HRQoL), post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth of parents of long-term survivors of childhood cancer (CCS) and study associated factors. Methods: Parents of survivors of the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study LATER cohort below 30 years and diagnosed 1986-2001 were invited to complete the TNO-AZL Questionnaire for Adult's HRQoL (e.g., sleep and aggressive emotions), Self-Rating Scale for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, and Illness Cognition Questionnaire. HRQoL domain scores were compared to references using Mann-Whitney U tests. Correlations between posttraumatic stress, growth and HRQoL were evaluated. Medical characteristics of their child and illness cognitions were studied as associated factors of HRQOL, posttraumatic stress and growth. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Parents (n = 661 of n = 448 survivors, 56% female, mean time since child's diagnosis: 21.3 [SD: 3.3] years) reported better HRQoL in social functioning andaggressive emotions than references (r = .08-0.17). Mothers additionally reported better HRQoL in pain, daily activities, sexuality, vitality, positive and depressive emotions (r = .07-0.14). Post-traumatic stress was symptomatic in 3%, and associated with worse HRQoL (r = −0.27-0.48). Post-traumatic growth was positively associated to post-traumatic stress and better HRQoL (r = 0.09-0.12). Cancer recurrence was associated to better HRQoL (β = 0.37-0.46). Acceptance illness A list of non-author study group members appears in the Acknowledgments.

Background: This study compares a comprehensive range of psychosocial outcomes of adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) to general population-based references and identifies sociodemographic and medical risk factors. Methods: CCS from the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (DCCSS)-LATER cohort (diagnosed 1963-2001) part 2 (attained age ≥18 years, diagnosed <18 years, ≥5 years since diagnosis) completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Distress Thermometer, Self-Rating Scale for Post-This research was funded by the KiKa Foundation (grant no.361) and by KiKa/ODAS (grant no. 171).