There have been virtually no recent census-based studies on the familial characteristics of black Canadians. The present study is a partial replication and extension of a study on black families published two decades ago by Christensen and Weinfeld (1993) and based on the 1986 Canadian census. The present paper utilizes the 2006 census in order to examine the current conditions of black families in Canada and assess what has changed since 1986 in the composition, marital status, and income of these families. Findings indicate that black families are more culturally heterogeneous than ever. Despite this, racial disparities in family formation and household income have only accentuated since 1986, bearing unique consequences for native and foreign-born black men and women. On the whole, relatively more black Canadians 25–44 years of age were single and never married, divorced, or separated in 2006 than in 1986. Between 1986 and 2006, the disparities in income between black families with young children and the general population have grown larger, both for single and dual parent families. The consequences of higher family instability, lone-parent families, economic insecurity and poverty for black families can only be detrimental for the welfare of children, particularly in a context of racial inequality. These issues deserve to be further investigated. Il n’existe aucune étude récente sur les caractéristiques des familles noires au Canada qui se base sur les données du recensement. En plus de présenter de nouvelles analyses sur les familles noires, cette étude reprend en partie celles effectuées il y a 20 ans par Christensen et Weinfeld (1993) à l’aide des données du recensement de 1986. Les objectifs sont, d’une part, d’examiner les circonstances des familles noires selon la composition du ménage, le statut conjugal et le revenu familial par le biais du recensement de 2006 et, d’autre part, de comparer ces résultats avec les données de 1986. L’hétérogénéité culturelle des familles noires va grandissante. Les résultats démontrent que les disparités raciales ont augmenté au sein de la population noire depuis 1986 quant à la formation des familles et le revenu des ménages, et imposent des conséquences uniques pour les femmes et hommes noirs nés au Canada ou à l’extérieur. Entre 1986 et 2006, les disparités de revenu ont augmenté entre les ménages comprenant des enfants noirs et la population générale. Ces disparités sont présentes autant chez les familles monoparentales que biparentales. L’instabilité conjugale, vivre dans une famille monoparentale, l’insécurité économique et la pauvreté peuvent avoir des effets néfastes pour le bien-être des enfants issus de familles de la minorité noire et ce, particulièrement dans un contexte d’inégalités raciales. Ces questions méritent d’être approfondies.

The paper contributes to the literature on black students and racial disparities in high school completion in Canada and makes original use of the 2006 Census to analyze the educational attainment of 18‐ to 19‐year‐olds in Ontario and Quebec. Results of a logistic regression indicate that in both provinces, black/white disparities in graduation rates disappear when income, family structure, language, gender, and place of residence are taken into account. Higher rates of socioeconomic disadvantage among black children pose challenges for high school completion. These findings do not imply that racism has no impact; indeed, the paper concludes that high school completion may not be the outcome most suitable for evaluating the effects of racism on educational attainment. Future studies should examine the causes of racial disparities in intermediate outcomes of school success (i.e., grades, special education placement, academic tracking, and disciplinary sanctions), and their effects on the graduation rates and postsecondary pathways of black students. Cet article contribue à la littérature portant sur les élèves noirs et les inégalités raciales au niveau de l'obtention d'un diplôme secondaire des 18–19 ans en Ontario et au Québec. Les résultats d'une régression logistique démontrent que, dans les deux provinces, les inégalités entre les noirs et les blancs au niveau du taux de diplomation disparaissent lorsque le revenu, la structure familiale, la langue, le sexe et le statut d'immigration sont pris en considération. Des taux plus élevés de désavantage économique chez les enfants noirs constituent un obstacle pour l'obtention d'un diplôme d’études secondaires. De plus, l'utilisation de la diplomation afin d’évaluer la présence de racisme dans les écoles peut s'avérer un critère faible. Il est possible que la présence de racisme s'avère détectable uniquement lors de l'utilisation d'indicateurs mesurant de façon plus précise l'expérience dans les écoles ainsi que le cheminement à long terme des étudiants noirs, tels que le taux d'inscription et la performance au niveau de l’éducation postsecondaire.

L’article décrit les résultats d’une enquête qualitative sur le profilage racial présent dans les pratiques policières et vécu par des jeunes de minorités racisées à Montréal, Québec. Dans plus de la moitié des 48 entrevues réalisées, des jeunes ont partagé des expériences de profilage racial provenant de policiers. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que ce profilage racial n’est pas seulement (ou même principalement) le produit de préjugés de la part des policiers, mais qu’il est le résultat de certaines politiques organisationnelles des services de police.

This article describes the methodology and program effects of a multicomponent model of interventions designed to prevent antisocial behaviour in secondary school students. Interventions included cooperative learning, classroom management, and peer tutoring, mentoring, and mediation. Data from the Secondary Schools Demonstration Project (SSDP) implemented in Ontario, Canada, schools were analyzed to assess whether the interventions had similar and/or differential effects on groups of students with low and high risks for antisocial behaviour. The study involved a two-group matched comparison before-and-after design. Data were collected at baseline for all ninth-grade students (average age 14 years) in the four schools, and from a subsample of the students at follow-up. The findings showed that the interventions generated similar improvements in the low and high-risk groups of youth. However, the positive effects were slightly more pronounced in the low-risk youth. The discussion proposes future directions for research and practice.

The essay discusses the importance of political sociology for the study of race in the settler state of Canada, and proposes directions for future research.Cedrick Robinson, Barbara Fields, Robin Kelley, and numerous other scholars have made it clear that race is fundamentally a political process. Racial constructs has never been anything other than a device the powerful have used to control capital, labor, land, and other means of wealth acccumulation. It is time Canadian Sociology did away with the "race relations" school of thought, which conceives of race as a characteristic of people and groups, rather than a system of domination and unequal power. Sociological research in Canada must analyze the role of political constructs, institutions, and power relations both in perpetuating racism and racial inequality and in bringing about systemic change.In the quantitative literature on racial stratification in Canada, I have often found myself disappointed with the silence on anti-black racism. In education research, for example, researchers have sometimes been inclined to propose cultural explanations for the relative success of subgroups of immigrants and their children, while ignoring crucial structural variables such as, "immigrant selectivity", the intersection of race and class, and the impact of racial discrimination. O'Connor, Lewis, and Mueller (2007) caution that quantitative studies of racial inequality must guard against reproducing deficit narratives of Black communitiesby treating race as if it were a function of a group, rather than a social process and relational category. The presumption has been that somehow you can "control" for race, when the reality is that race is a contested concept and a constant source of struggle over the very meanings of identity, equality, and freedom. To avoid reifying race, O'Connor et al. (2007) recommend that quantitative studies account for the heterogeneity within Black communities and analyze the complex interactions between racism and other forms of categorical inequality, such as gender, class, sexuality, and disability. By attending to this complexity, we gain a more precise grasp of how racism operates because we are able to observe how it is contingent, variable, as well as systemic.In quantitative studies I have carried out on the experiences of people of African descent in Canada, I have followed the advice of O'Connor et al. (2007) by examining the variations within