This paper problematizes contemporary cultural understandings of autism.We make use of the developmental psychology concepts of 'Theory of Mind' and 'mindblindness' to uncover the meaning of autism as expressed in these concepts. Our concern is that autism is depicted as a puzzle and that this depiction governs not only the wayWestern culture treats autism but also the way in which it governs everyday interactions with autistic people. Moreover, we show how the concepts of Theory of Mind and mindblindness require autism to be a puzzle in the first place. Rather than treat autism as a puzzle that must be solved, we treat autism as a teacher and thus as having something valuable to contribute toward an understanding of the inherent partiality and uncertainty of human communication and collective life. Introduction: The 'Mystery of Autism'Autism has an enduring association with mystery. In recent times, autism has generated a great deal of intrigue in Western society. This intrigue is grounded in our ongoing fascination with the mind, a fascination that is itself rooted in our culture. We are constantly, for example, intrigued with how people think, what they think, especially of us; we wrestle with questions in relation to what children should know, how they should be taught, and how they can fulfil their potential. We are also intrigued with those minds we interpret as 'not working well' or as having 'something wrong' with them and we struggle with how to remedy these situations. We understand the mind as a mystery-a mystery that holds secrets to how it works and to what is going on in it when it does not work, particularly in ways that are not expected.Autism represents one such 'mystery of the mind'. Indeed, current mainstream conceptions characterize it as the quintessential puzzle. In the same way that the pink ribbon has symbolically come to represent breast cancer awareness, the puzzle piece has become the icon of autism awareness.
Sub-resolution assist features (SRAF) have been shown to provide significant process window enhancement and across chip line-width variation reduction when used in conjunction with modified illumination lithography. Work previously presented at this conference has focused on the optimization of sraf design rules that specify the predominantly one dimensional placement and width of assist features as a function of layout pitch. This paper will recount the optimization of SRAF style options that specify how SRAF are to behave in realistic two dimensional circuit layouts. Based on the work done to strike the correct balance between sraf manufacturability, CAD turnaround time, and lithographic benefit in IBM's early product implementation exercises, the evolution of sraf style options is presented. Using simulation as well as exposure data, this paper explores the effect of various two dimensional sraf layout solutions and demonstrates the use of model based verification in the optimization of sraf style options.
This paper addresses contemporary neoliberal time and its normative understanding of developmental time. As autism is framed as a growing risk to the 'good life' of neoliberal development, autism advocacy emerges as that which must neutralize this risk by targeting individual bodies and minds to secure 'better' (i.e., more normative) futures for all. I ask: how is the space and pace of advocacy working to constitute the relational subjectivities of both the 'advocate' and the 'advocated for'? I examine and analyze two cultural artifacts: one mundane (a special series Starbucks coffee cup aimed at raising autism awareness) and the other spectacular (the United Nations' World Autism Awareness Day resolution). I read these artifacts as prolific, productive and powerful sites of meaning making that shape collective experiences of the passing of time (i.e., as either too slow or too fast) as well as our understandings of bodies in time (i.e., as being either 'on time' or 'late').
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