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Avoiding the use of solvents in synthesis can reduce environmental contamination and even be more convenient than using solvent-based synthesis. In this tutorial review we focus on recent research into the use of mechanochemistry (grinding) to synthesise metal complexes in the absence of solvent. We include synthesis of mononuclear complexes, coordination clusters, spacious coordination cages, and 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional coordination polymers (metal organic frameworks) which can even exhibit microporosity. Remarkably, in many cases, mechanochemical synthesis is actually faster and more convenient than the original solvent-based methods. Examples of solvent-free methods other than grinding are also briefly discussed, and the positive outlook for this growing topic is emphasised.

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In this article we extend Milnor's fibration theorem to the case of functions of the form fḡ with f , g holomorphic, defined on a complex analytic (possibly singular) germ (X, 0). We further refine this fibration theorem by looking not only at the link of { fḡ = 0}, but also at its multi-link structure, which is more subtle. We mostly focus on the case when X has complex dimension two. Our main result (Theorem 4.4) gives in this case the equivalence of the following three statements:(i) The real analytic germ fḡ : (X, p) → (R 2 , 0) has 0 as an isolated critical value; (ii) the multilink L f ∪ −L g is fibered; and (iii) if π :X → X is a resolution of the holomorphic germ f g : (X, p) → (C, 0), then for each rupture vertex ( j) of the decorated dual graph of π one has that the corresponding multiplicities of f, g satisfy:Moreover one has that if these conditions hold, then the Milnor-Lê fibration fḡ : L X \(L f ∪ L g ) → S 1 η of fḡ is a fibration of the multilink L f ∪ −L g . We also give a combinatorial criterium to decide whether or not the multilink L f ∪ −L g is fibered.If the meromorphic germ f /g is semitame, then we show that the Milnor-Lê fibration