Hospitalization rates for IBD, particularly CD, have increased within a 7-year period, incurring a substantial rise in inflation-adjusted economic burden. The findings reinforce the need for effective treatment strategies to reduce IBD complications.

Despite practice guidelines, about only half of admissions for gallstone pancreatitis receive cholecystectomy during the same hospitalization, and cholecystectomy rates vary substantially by race. These findings raise concerns regarding suboptimal healthcare delivery.

This is the first study to assess adherence to vedolizumab in IBD patients, which was higher than 3 other commonly prescribed biologic medications. Self-administered injections were strongly associated with biologic nonadherence. Younger age and noncommercial insurance also were associated with biologic nonadherence. Modality of administration should be taken into account when selecting a biologic agent for treatment of IBD.

In this cohort of hospitalized IBD patients, TNF-α inhibitor therapy was associated with a reduced risk of thromboembolism, whereas systemic corticosteroid use was associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism.