Scott Kirkpatrick is an Assistant Professor of Physics and Optical Engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology. He teaches physics, semiconductor processes, and micro electrical and mechanical systems (MEMS). His research interests include heat engines, magnetron sputtering, and nanomaterial self-assembly. His masters thesis work at the University of Nebraska Lincoln focused on reactive sputtering process control. His doctoral dissertation at the University of Nebraska Lincoln investigated High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering. Developing an entrepreneurial mindset in engineers: An application of the three C's (creativity, curiosity and connections) in a collaborative summer mega-course AbstractIn order to develop intra-and entrepreneurs, it is important to encourage a student's curiosity and skill in creating value and forging connections. We (a cross campus collaborative team of three professors from humanities, science, and engineering) developed an integrated mega-course that incorporates three separate fields that encompass a number of themes. These themes include teaching innovation, developing an entrepreneurial mindset, and creating solutions for developing economies. The program focuses on engaging students with our quickly changing world and its needs, bringing them out of the academic bubble to ignite their curiosity as they investigate the Grand Challenges proposed by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE). Students from various majors work together in teams using their creativity to design a solution that solves the stakeholders' needs. Students are motivated to produce a high quality design not only through the intrinsic motivation of meeting stakeholders' needs, but also by the requirement of holding a press-conference with local media, who will need to be convinced of both the need for and the value of the students' design. Background: About our ProgramThe program investigates the Grand Challenges proposed by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) 1 in a multidisciplinary course providing credit in Communication, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering. The NAE Grand Challenges are broad, important concepts for engineers to accomplish in this century for the betterment of humankind, and provide our students with a large number of topics to consider for their project. We provide the students with a broad goal shown in Table 1 and allow them to brainstorm ideas to pursue. Our students break into groups to make initial prototypes (column 3 of table 1) of a product they would like to pursue for the summer. The students then assess the various prototypes as a group advocating for both their design and another groups' design. This competitive process ends with the class voting as a whole on which project will go forward. We then assign a project lead from among the students to carry the elected prototype through to completion.

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Anneliese Watt is a professor of English at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology. She teaches and researches technical and professional communication, rhetoric and composition, medicine in literature, presidential election rhetoric and other humanistic studies for engineering and science students. Her current work focuses on engineering design. Entrepreneurial Thinking in a First-Year Engineering Design StudioIn summer 2016, the authors and several other collaborators developed and taught a course aiming to advance the pedagogy informing a proposed new degree program in Engineering Design, in which design, writing, and engineering topics are integrated into a multidisciplinary design studio setting. Most closely associated with the disciplines of industrial design and architecture, design studios immerse students in an authentic problem-solving environment:"In studio, designers express and explore ideas, generate and evaluate alternatives, and ultimately make decisions and take action. They make external representations (drawings and three-dimensional models) and reason with these representations to inquire, analyze, and test hypotheses about the designs they represent. Through the linked acts of drawing, looking, and inferring, designers propose alternatives, and interpret and explore their consequences. ... They use the representations to test their designs against a priori performance criteria. And in the highly social environment of the design studio students learn to communicate, to critique, and to respond to criticism, and to collaborate."

A 4-month sampling campaign has been conducted for the monitoring of three drinking water treatment plants using flow cytometry and culture-based methods to provide information related to changes in bacterial concentration according to treatments. Flow cytometry is a fast and user-friendly technique enabling bacteria quantification and viability assessment in less than 1 hour. Specific profiles regarding log-reduction of total bacteria were obtained for each treatment plant. Chlorination appeared to be the most effective by causing metabolism inactivation and nucleic acid damages. Ozonation showed a significant impact on cell activity in contrast with ultraviolet treatment which strongly affected bacterial DNA. In addition, the results showed that active bacteria quantified by flow cytometry were significantly correlated with culturable bacteria. This alternative approach appeared as gainful compared to culture methods as it greatly facilitates the diagnosis of treatment plant process for drinking water production monitoring.

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