Supramolecular encapsulation by cucurbit [7]uril (CB[7]) was recently demonstrated to provide a simple and efficient method for antibacterial activity regulation of antibiotics. In this work, CB[7] was shown to form binary host-guest complex with ambroxol hydrochloride (ABX), a clinical mucokinetic and expectorant drug, which was reported to exhibit certain antibacterial activity. 1 H NMR titration and isothermal titration calorimetry experiment results suggested that the 4-hydroxyl cyclohexylamine group of ABX was included inside the CB[7] cavity, with a binding constant K a of (6.69 � 0.11) × 10 5 M À 1 in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution, thermodynamically driven by both enthalpy change (ΔH = À 12.2 kJ/mol) and entropy change (TΔS = 21.1 kJ/mol). More importantly, ABX's inhibitory activity (MIC 50 ) against bacillary strains towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli strains was decreased from (5.11 � 0.31) × 10 À 6 M À 1 and (2.63 � 0.34) × 10 À 5 M À 1 to zero upon encapsulation by CB [7], and was subsequently recovered to almost its original activity when a competitive guest, amantadine hydrochloride, for disassembling CB[7]-ABX complex, was added, suggesting that the antibacterial activity of ABX could be readily "turned off/on" upon its complexation and decomplexation with CB[7].[a] Dr.
Hydrogel fibers (HFs) have shown great potential for delivering light and sensing in vivo. However, HFs commonly suffer from high optical attenuation, which significantly affects their light-guiding efficiency and sensing performance. Here, we demonstrate a projection-suspended stereolithography (PSS) 3D printing method for fabricating low-loss HFs. Axially continuous and uniform HFs are produced via a light-curing area that floats on the precursor solution. Additionally, PSS improves the guiding efficiency of the HF by simultaneously regulating the fiber diameter, core–cladding structure, and refractive index. We obtained a loss of ≤0.15 dB/cm, which is better than that reported by previous studies. We also demonstrate that the fabricated HF provides light delivery and sensing capability in deep tissues, which will benefit the development of biomedicine and optogenetics. The PSS method heralds a novel fabrication for advanced waveguides.
The carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) has become one of the most important catalytic reactions due to its potential impact on global emissions. Among the many products this reaction yields,...
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