Together with the process of globalization, the advancement of the Internet has created an easy access for researchers to conduct document analysis, which is a low-cost and time-efficient way to gain information about a certain topic. Nevertheless, the resources available on mainstream media mostly come from the Western world, especially the United States. Meanwhile, there are also other sources of knowledge that are inherited within indigenous communities. Reflecting on the experience of composing the community profile of Narrawong, a small town in regional Victoria, Australia, which traditionally belongs to the Gunditjmara people, the author found it challenging to prevent the bias of “modern” information. This bias is due to the limitations in studying the town’s indigenous identity using document analysis as a single method. Coming from this experience, the author explored and analyzed alternative ways in which indigenous knowledge can be documented, such as through interactive maps and public use of traditional language. The author also identified barriers to implementing similar efforts, namely the social structure within indigenous communities and different worldviews held by researchers and communities they work with. The author concludes that in doing documentation process, indigenous communities have to be involved in fruitful dialogues so that both the extraction of knowledge and empowerment of indigenous communities can be achieved. This paper is an important resource for those aiming to work on indigenous knowledge documentation.
The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has been affecting numerous business sectors globally. In Indonesia, millions of children stayed home while playgrounds were closed nationwide to prevent further spread of the virus. Past research explains the importance of playground visits for children's play and learning development, yet studies on ways to shift playground experiences and their benefits to online or other media are very rare. This paper will cover the advantages of playing in playgrounds through theoretical approach as well as offer several strategies to maintain this experience online during pandemic. Challenges, and different ways to solve them will also be discussed based on evidence of implementing those strategies by AEON Fantasy Indonesia, a Japan-based playground operator. Furthermore, not only for playground operators, recommendations featured in this study are also applicable for children, caregivers, and child development practitioners.
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