If we consider the moderation movement as a political method, this method can get help from other thoughts and discourses for reaching its desired goal. Accordingly, it seems that this movement can be defined as a thought derived from two discourses. One of them, as the dominant discourse in the global system, is called liberalism and its tolerance and moderation can be observed from John Rawls's political thought to recent thinkers like John Walls and social righteousness discourse and the proponents of liberal democracy. The other discourse, religious intellectualism in Iran, has emphasized the need for reforms, tolerance, moderation and avoidance of extremes after 1982s. Nowadays it seems that there is no country which does not benefit from the parameters of liberalism like human rights' discourse, democracy, tolerance, secularism, supporting the rule of law, etc. in its slogans and policies. On the other hand, religious intellectualism in Iran, as a known movement from previous decades up to now, has made an attempt to reconcile religion with the modern world and its political thought is based on such concepts as democracy, tolerance, human rights, spiritual wisdom, etc. This paper aimed to completely describe the main concepts of liberalism as a political philosophy and then religious intellectualism in Iran and reach a comprehensive view of the political thought in the moderation movement. Accordingly, the main question of the study can be posed as "to what extent can the moderation movement be influenced by other discourses dominant in the global system (liberalism) and the religious intellectualism movement?" Undoubtedly, in this study we do not intend to prove that liberalism and ISSN 1948-5468 2016 2 religious intellectualism or moderation are the same and the discussion and arguments made in this paper are in line with the effects that moderation has received from external (liberalism) and internal (religious intellectualism) sources. Descriptive-analytic and descriptive-historical methods were used for this purpose. Journal of Sociological Research
Development of information technology and internet today has given the concept of diplomacy a meaning broader than the past. Modern diplomacy is a mixture which has gained a specific position among academic topics. It is worth noting that the modern diplomacy was resulted from the world's changes after the World War II, where governments could no longer be the only players in the international system. The concept of modern diplomacy makes sense in relatively different ways; general diplomacy, real-time diplomacy,Nich diplomacy, etc. But our main focus in the paper is placed on the Jazeera's role in Middle East's evolutions over the recent decades. As a grand manifestation of modern diplomacy in the Middle East during the past decades, Al Jazeera is sometimes considered to be Qatar's foreign policy benchmarks (index), as it has had an effective role in events related to the country's diplomacy from the time it was established. We assume Qatar's political bargaining power in the international system, especially in the Persian Gulf region, as having enhanced over the recent years. In the present paper, therefore, the authors are about to address questions as to how Qatar's modern diplomacy has made it an active country in the Persian Gulf and in the Middle East region as well, and to what extent Al Jazeera's role is deemed to be serious in the recent changes happened in the Middle east. The present research's assumption emphasizes the role of establishment of Al Jazeera Media Channel as a diplomacy-enabling tool after changes were made in Qatar's government structure, a role which obviously affects the Middle East's recent evolutions (Movements and revolutions in Arabian Countries). Analytic-descriptive approach has been used in the present paper.
In every period of history and implicitly the twentieth century, the dominant schools of thoughts and ideas have been ruled. Since 1917 and after the Russian Revolution, Marxism transformed its power from theory into practice and until the late 1980s, when the Soviet Marxist regime crumbled, his thought process was continued. It was the shadow of Marxism on religious enlightenment in Iran either (religious enlightenment in Iran as well affected by Marxism); and doctor Ali Shariati as one of the most important religious intellectuals before the revolution in Iran, could not stay away from the dominance over global thinking in his works. But after the demise of Marxism, liberalism developed his constituents around the world more than ever by getting its authority back; meantime, this study analyses the views of Dr. Soroush, alongside with some parameters attempted to determine correlation between his thoughts and ideas that have emerged as the dominant world. So, the question of the present paper will be posed in this way: To what extent religious intellectual, according to the comments from doctor Shariati and doctor Soroush, has been affected by the global dominant thinking? The hypothesis of this article is how global dominant thinking at their time has influenced these two theorists analyzed in two different times. In this study, an analytical method is selected to examine match case study brighter. Data collection instruments are of documental-library type.
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