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A one-step hydrothermal method is reported for synthesizing carbon spheres (Cs) with sucrose as the carbon resource for the anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Firstly, the influences of synthesis temperature and time on particle size and the morphology of the Cs were researched. Then, modified carbon spheres (MCs) were synthesized with some surfactants, such as hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Finally, nano-sized MCs with an average diameter of 70 nm, owning the smooth surface and uniform spherical morphology systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The outstanding performances of nano-sized MCs synthesized with PVA were demonstrated as anode materials in LIBs. The higher initial discharge capacity of 1180 mAhg−1 and the excellent discharge capacity of 470 mAhg−1 were obtained respectively at 100 mAg−1 (0.27 C) over 50 cycles. The nano-sized MCs has also shown remarkable performance of rate capability of 284.6 mAhg−1 at 1.5 C. In addition, the cycling reversibility of the nano-sized MCs is more stable than that of the sub-micron sized MCs modified with CTAB and no surfactant respectively.

We report a fast solvothermal approach to fabricate the core-shell structure carbon@SnS2 microspheres composites (C@SnS2). And the same structured carbon@SnO2 microspheres composites (C@SnS2) were synthesized by calcinating of C@SnS2 at 500°C in air. Then the phase structures and the morphologies of the carbon@SnM2 (M=S, O) microspheres composites (C@SnM2) were observed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The C@SnM2 were composed of the uniform micron-sized carbon spheres with 1.5μm as the core and SnM2 with 200nm as the shell. When putting it as the anode electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, the C@SnS2 showed higher charge/discharge capacity, rate capability and cycling reversibility than C@SnO2. Those excellent electrochemical performances make the C@SnS2 to be a predominated candidate for the lithium-ion batteries.