The*objective*of*this*study*was*to*investigate*the*role*of*deposit*money*banks* credit* on* the* growth* of* the* agricultural* sector* in* Nigeria* between* the* periods* 1988* to* 2011.* An* exVpost* facto* research* design* was* used* for* the* study.* Three* research* objectives* were* formulated.* Data* were* sourced* principally* from* the* secondary*sources*and*was*collected*from*the*CBN*Statistical*Bulletin.*The*Data* were* analyzed* using* the* ordinary* least* square* multiple* Regression* Statistical* Technique.* Result* from* the* analysis* revealed* that* both* deposit* money* banks* loans* and* the* agricultural* credit* guarantee* scheme* fund* had* a* positive* relationship* with* the* output* of* the* agricultural* sector.* It* was* however* discovered* that* agricultural* credit* guarantee* scheme* fund's* relationship* was* insignificant.*It*was*finally*revealed*that*deposit*money*bank*lending*rate*had*a* negative* and* insignificant* relationship* with* the* output* of* the* agricultural* sector* in* Nigeria.* Based* on* these* findings,* it* was* recommended* that* the* loans* and* finances* to* the* agricultural* sector* should* be* increased* while* the* lending* rate* should* be* reduced.* Also,* the* conditions* to* be* fulfilled* by* farmers* before* accessing*the*agricultural*credit*guarantee*scheme*fund*should*be*reviewed.* Keywords:*Deposit*money*bank;*credit;*loan*and*total*agricultural*output*

This study examined fiscal policy and macroeconomic policy dynamics in Nigeria. The study specifically assessed whether there is a long run and short run causal relationship running from fiscal policy instruments such as government revenue, government expenditure and debt to macroeconomic variables such as interest rate and GDP in Nigeria. The data for the study were source from the CBN statistical bulletin for the period 1980 to 2016. The exploratory design was combined with the ex-post facto research design; the data collection method was desk survey. The study used the Vector Error Correction Mechanism (VECM) for data analysis. Findings from the analyses showed that there is no long run and short run causality running from fiscal policy instruments such as government revenue, government expenditure and debt to interest rate in Nigeria. The study also showed that there is no long run and short run causality running from fiscal policy instruments such as government revenue, government expenditure and debt to GDP in Nigeria. The study on the basis of these findings recommends that Fiscal policy should be tailored towards sustaining economic growth and development; in view of this government avoid further borrowings as this may increase the debt servicing burden and result in a negativity effect on growth in the long run and lastly that fiscal policy should be used to complement monetary policy effects as if used alone may not achieve the desired target for interest rate in Nigeria.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the dynamic capabilities of family business as a catalyst for survival and growth in Nigeria. A quantitative technique involving a descriptive survey was adopted for the study. A questionnaire measurement instrument was constructed and deployed on a sample of 410 respondents in the selected family businesses. Copies of the questionnaire measurement instrument were conveniently distributed to employees of the selected family businesses to obtain data for the study. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to validate the constructs in the measurement instrument. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to estimate the structural relationship between constructs of family business dynamic capabilities for survival and growth. The results showed that sensing and seizing, learning and reconfiguration and succession planning capabilities of family business have a significant positive effect on survival and growth. Therefore, family business managers should effectively deploy sensing and seizing, learning and reconfiguration and succession planning capabilities to enhance business survival and growth. AcknowledgmentsThe authors express gratitude to anonymous reviewers, the journal editor and all the authors whose works were used in this study. The authors are grateful to the management of the family businesses included in the study for their approval for the administration of the questionnaire instrument and to the survey respondents who gave their views on the issues raised in the questionnaire instrument.

Bank capital is one of the protective and necessary parameters for better performance in any banking system. This may explain why the industry in Nigeria has been constantly recapitalized for sectorial enhancement. Given the various bank capital reforms the sectors have undergone and a number of interventions, the question arose: How adequate is capital? The study used descriptive statistics and Levene’s test for equality of variance, as well as an independent sample t-test to look at the (10) ten various performance parameters for both pre- and post- recapitalization periods. From the results of the analysis, most of the performance parameters did not improve after post-recapitalization. This answers the question posed by the study that capital is not adequate in the Nigerian banking sector. Therefore, there is a need to inject more bank capital into the Nigerian banking sector if this sector must have a greater impact and respond to the challenges of the Nigerian economy for sustainable growth and development.

PurposeThe bedrock of growth in education is at the primary/basic education level, hence there is need to ensure that the populace not only enrolls but complete their education as well as maintain gender balancing. Financial inclusion is essential in achieving financial development which if properly tailored should result in economic growth and development. Education is an important development parameter, therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess if financial inclusiveness enhances primary school enrolment, completion and gender balancing.Design/methodology/approachIn order to ascertain if financial inclusion (financial penetration, access and usage) enhances primary school education (primary school enrolment and completion) and gender balancing (primary school female-to-male ratio), the study employed the vector error correction modeling (VECM) to capture both short- and long-run dynamics of cointegration equations and also, ascertain how the long-run deviations are deemed corrected in the short run.FindingsThe findings of financial inclusion showed a significant positive effect on primary school enrollment but regarding primary school completion rate and female-to-male ratio, the responses to financial inclusion measures showed a completely negative effect. From the foregoing, it is not just sufficient to enroll school children but that they complete their basic primary education, and equally ensure that the males are not favored over the females so as to achieve gender balance literacy in the country.Originality/valueThe study focuses on how financial inclusion engenders admission, graduation and gender balancing in primary school education as the bedrock to formal education in Nigeria.