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Eleven newborns admitted consecutively to the neonatal unit with respiratory failure and severe persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) were included in a clinical trial to assess the efficacy of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) in the treatment of PPHN. A loading dose of 200 mg/kg MgSO4 was given over 20 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 20-150 mg/kg/hour to obtain a magnesium blood concentration between 3 5 and 5 5 mmol/l. Mean (SD) duration of treatment was 75-5 (19.8) hours. No other vasodilatory drug was administered before or during the treatment and patients were not hyperventilated. Mean (SEM) PaO2 values significantly increased from 42-6 (8.8) before treatment to 70*3 (24.1) mm Hg after 24 hours, with no change in pH or Pco2. Oxygen index and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (A-aDo2) were significantly lower after 24 hours; respectively, 46-8 (15.2) to 28-0 (9.0) and 624-3 (11-3) to 590 (58) nmn Hg. Mean airway pressure could be significantly reduced from 19*5 (3-1) to 13-9

Transcutaneous temperature-controlled RF resulted in significant improvements in AV, VVL, and sexual satisfaction with milder improvements in OD and SUI. Post-treatment histology demonstrated neocollagenesis, neoelastogenesis, neoangiogenesis, and the first reported finding of TTCRF-related neurogenesis.

Introduction An atrophic dermatofibroma is a benign fibrohistiocytic neoplasm. It typically presents as an asymptomatic patch with a depressed central area. Methods The PubMed database was used to search the following words: atrophic, dermatofibroma, elastic and fibers. The relevant papers and their references generated by the search were reviewed. Images of the clinical and pathological features of two patients with an atrophic dermatofibroma are presented. In addition, a comprehensive review of the characteristics of this unique dermatofibroma is provided. Results An atrophic dermatofibroma has been reported in 102 patients: 53 women, 11 men and 38 individuals whose gender was not provided. It typically appeared as an asymptomatic solitary patch with a central umbilication—most commonly on the shoulder or lower extremity or back—of women aged 48 years or older. Dermoscopy typically showed white scar-like patches; a patchy pigment network was also noted in some lesions. The pathology of an atrophic dermatofibroma has the same features that can be observed in a common fibrous dermatofibroma; there is acanthosis, basal layer hyperpigmentation, and induction of basal cell carcinoma-like features, hair follicle formation or sebaceous hyperplasia in the epidermis and a proliferation of spindle-shaped fibroblasts in the dermis. However, atrophic dermatofibromas also demonstrate depression of the central surface and thinning of the dermis; in many cases, the dermal atrophy is at least 50%. Elastic fibers are either decreased or absent. Similar to non-atrophic dermatofibromas, the immunoperoxidase profile of atrophic dermatofibromas is factor XIIIa-positive and cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34)-negative. The pathogenesis of atrophic dermatofibromas remains to be established. Conclusion An atrophic dermatofibroma is an uncommon benign variant of a dermatofibroma. The diagnosis can be suspected based on clinical features and dermatoscopic findings. A biopsy of the lesion will confirm the diagnosis. Periodic evaluation of the lesion site is a reasonable approach to the management of the residual tumor.