Выполнен анализ официальных стратегий Российской Федерации обеспечения национальной, экономической и экологической безопасности. Показаны как взаимосвязи стратегий, так и основные недостатки, заключающиеся в отсутствии системности как по критериям обеспечения, так и по показателям оценки рассматриваемых видов безопасности. Предложено применять «ущерб от загрязнения окружающей среды» (вред от нарушения природоохранного законодат ельства) как показатель, объединяющий экономическую и экологическую сферы обеспечения национальной безопасности. Ключевые слова: национальная безопасность, устойчивое развитие экономики, экологический фактор, ущерб от загрязнения окружающей среды.
The aim of the study is to analyze the driving forces of the impact of human activities on the environment. The problem of assessing the influence of the population size, the level of economic development, as well as the technological factor on the volume of emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air in the regions of the Russian Federation is considered. A retrospective of models for analyzing the main driving forces of anthropogenic impact on the environment is presented. The study is based on the STIRPAT model. The results of the econometric assessment showed that both the population and the level of economic development (GRP per capita) have a decisive influence on the increase in air emissions in the regions of the Russian Federation. A decrease in the energy intensity of GRP, as well as the share of manufacturing and extractive industries in the sectoral structure of GRP, also leads to a significant decrease in the environmental load. However, the values of the corresponding environmental elasticities are significantly lower than the elasticities of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere with changes in population size and economic growth (GRP per capita).
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