Herein, we report the use of polylactic
acid coated with a halogenated
BODIPY photosensitizer (PS) as a novel self-sterilizing, low-cost,
and eco-friendly material activated with visible light. In this article,
polymeric surfaces were 3D-printed and treated with the PS using three
simple methodologies: spin coating, aerosolization, and brush dispersion.
Our studies showed that the polymeric matrix remains unaffected upon
addition of the PS, as observed by dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier
transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fluorescence
microscopy. Furthermore, the photophysical and photodynamic properties
of the dye remained intact after being adsorbed on the polymer. This
photoactive material can be reused and was successfully inactivating
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in planktonic
media for at least three inactivation cycles after short-time light
exposure. A real-time experiment using a fluorescence microscope showed
how bacteria anchored to the antimicrobial surface were inactivated
within 30 min using visible light and low energy. Moreover, the material
effectively eradicated these two bacterial strains on the first stage
of biofilm formation, as elucidated by SEM. Unlike other antimicrobial
approaches that implement a dissolved PS or non-sustainable materials,
we offer an accessible green and economic alternative to acquire self-sterilizing
surfaces with any desired shape.
Background: A novel multicomponent complex (MC) of ketoconazole (KET) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was developed with the purpose of improving the solubility as well as the antifungal and antibiofilm activity of KET against Candida albicans. Results & methodology: The interactions among the components were studied using nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal analysis, powder x-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Phase-solubility studies demonstrated a considerable increase in the solubility of the MC. An enhancement in antibiofilm and antifungal activity of MC was determined against C. albicans by XTT assay and microbiological studies. Conclusion: This MC, with improvements in the drug pharmaceutical performance, might have an important potential in the development of new pharmaceutical formulations of KET.
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