A century ago, Taylor published a landmark in the organisational sciences: his Principles of Scientific Management. Many researchers have elaborated on Taylor's principles, or have been influenced otherwise. The authors of the current paper evaluate a century of enterprise development, and conclude that a paradigm shift is needed for dealing adequately with the challenges that modern enterprises face. Three generic goals are identified. The first one, intellectual manageability, is the basis for mastering complexity; current approaches fall short in assisting professionals to master the complexity of enterprises and enterprise changes. The second goal, organisational concinnity, is conditional for making strategic initiatives operational; current approaches do not, or inadequately, address this objective. The third goal, social devotion, is the basis for achieving employee empowerment as well as knowledgeable management and governance; modern employees are highly educated knowledge workers; yet, the mindset of managers has not evolved accordingly. The emerging discipline of Enterprise Engineering, as conceived by the authors, is considered to be a suitable vehicle for achieving these goals. It does so by providing new, powerful theories and effective methodologies. A theoretical framework is presented for positioning the theories, goals, and fundamentals of enterprise engineering in four classes: philosophical, ontological, ideological and technological.

Six basic notions concerning business processes and their supporting information systems are presented and discussed, on the basis of one common theory. This yields that these notions are defined not only clearly and precisely but also coherently and integrally. Regarding system and model, teleology (black-box) and ontology (white-box) are considered. Regarding business process and information system, a socionomics based definition of organization is provided as well as three corresponding levels of abstraction. Regarding design and architecture, general and special requirements are distinguished, in addition to the distinction between black-box and white-box models.

PurposeModern enterprises face a strong economical pressure to increase competitiveness, to operate on a global market, and to engage in alliances of several kinds. In order to meet the requirements and challenges of participating in such alliances, companies must be able to cooperate effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of some major directions in inter‐organizational cooperation.Design/methodology/approachIn order to cope with the challenges of inter‐organizational cooperation, to share innovative research issues and to facilitate profound discussions about them, the authors organized a series of workshops on Modeling Inter‐Organizational Systems (MIOS‐CIAO!) starting at the annual OTM Federated Conference and Continuing at the Annual CAiSE Conference. This paper summarizes the results of the workshops.FindingsThis paper provides an overview of what has been established and what is going on regarding the cooperation of enterprises in networks. The focus has been on the modeling of cooperation, from the business level down to the implementation level.Practical implicationsThis overview is a useful source of knowledge for those who want to have a quick insight in the relevant aspects of cooperation, and in many well‐known modeling approaches and techniques. It is also an inspiring source for those who want to investigate yet unsolved or unsatisfactorily solved problems. Although developments, both in theory and in practice, will go on, no landslides are expected. Particularly for practice, the value of this report will therefore last for a considerable time.Originality/valueSeveral core notions in the area of inter‐organizational cooperation are clarified, such as collaboration, cooperation, enterprise network, choreography, and orchestration. The whole process of developing or investigating an enterprise network is covered.

The identification of business components, which together define a modular systems architecture, is a key task in todays component-based development approaches for the business domain. This paper describes the Business Component Identification (BCI) method which supports a systematic partitioning of a problem domain into business components. The method allows the designer to state preferences for the partitioning process and uses them as the basis to produce an optimized balance between the business components' granularity on the one hand and their context dependencies on the other hand. It makes use of business domain models specified during the definition of system requirements and can be integrated into the early design phase of a component-based development process. The paper also shows how the produced partitioning can easily be refined into an architecture specification and thus can be used as a starting point for the technical design of a software system and/or its business components. 1 Motivation Modern component-based approaches allow developers to realize software systems in business domains by partitioning a problem space into a set of proper business components, developing or discovering suitable candidates, and assembling them to obtain the aspired solution [1,2,3]. This modular way of systems development promises to bring many advantages, among which especially a reduced time to market, the increased adaptability of systems to changing requirements and, as a result, reduced development costs are of key importance for the IT strategy of todays enterprises [1,4]. A prerequisite for the envisioned breakthrough of component-based approaches in practice, however, is to better support the underlying modular development paradigm with specialized methods and tools. Although the modular paradigm sounds rather straightforward at a first glimpse, it introduces a variety of methodological challenges when being analyzed more closely. As a consequence, both the partitioning as well as the composition process continue to pose research questions. Compared to the composition process, where a lot of research is ongoing and for which methods to browse, adapt,

Companies are more and more focusing on their core competencies, outsourcing business tasks to their business partners. In order to support collaboration between business partners, adequate information systems need to be built automating inter-organizational business processes. The bases for such information systems are business components combining software artefacts from different vendors to applications which are individual to each customer. The crucial factors in identifying and building reusable, marketable and selfcontained business components are the appropriateness and the quality of the underlying business domain models. This paper therefore introduces a process for the identification of business components based on an enterprise ontology, being a business domain model satisfying well defined quality criteria.