IntroductionBlack people are disproportionately impacted by homicide. However, despite this over-representation, research is limited relevant to how black individuals, families and communities cope with the chronic traumatic devastation of homicide. This scoping review will provide an amalgamation of the current literature regarding the coping strategies of black survivors of homicide victims to inform future health and social work practice.Methods and analysisIn this scoping review, Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework will be used to succinctly gather and synthesise previous literature and identify gaps in research relevant to black survivors of homicide victims. This method will allow for a focused process of chosen pertinent databases. The seven databases include OVID (MEDLINE and PsycINFO), ProQuest (Sociological Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, International Bibliography of Social Sciences), EBSCO (Africa Wide, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature). The seven databases were chosen for their relevance to the topic of coping with homicide for black individuals, families and communities. All members of the research team will screen the abstracts and full texts of the literature based on the inclusion criteria. The findings will be charted and synthesised using a qualitative thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe articles chosen for this review will be gathered from peer-reviewed journals and scholarly search engines. Due to this research project’s nature, ethics approval is not warranted. The results of this scoping review will inform culturally responsive approaches to research, policy and practice for first responders (eg, law enforcement, emergency medical technicians) and providers (eg, mental health clinicians, physicians and faith-based communities) who frequently render services to black survivors of homicide victims. The results will be shared through journal article publications, academic and community conferences, as well as professional training opportunities for practitioners who support Black individuals, families and communities.

<p>Literature pertaining to civilian-police relations within the United States primarily focuses on unjust physical treatment of civilians by law enforcement. However, research examining the ways in which adverse nonphysical encounters with law enforcement influence perceptions of police and compromise their relationship with civilians is less prevalent. This study utilizes a thematic approach to analyze 252 participants open-ended responses from the Police–Public Encounters survey. The Police–Public Encounters survey was designed to investigate the prevalence, demographic distribution, and psychological correlates of police victimization from adults across four US cities (Baltimore, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, DC), to understand their most notably adverse encounter with police. Study findings revealed four themes: 1) direct and indirect experiences of racial profiling, 2) fear and intimidation, 3) unjust treatment, and 4) poor quality of service. Findings highlight the relationship between nonphysical encounters with police and notions of procedural justice that influence civilian-police interactions. Implications for future research should continue to explore citizens’ perceptions of police as well as police perceptions of their encounters with civilians to examine how this may affect their ability to serve and protect communities.</p>

<p>Literature pertaining to civilian-police relations within the United States primarily focuses on unjust physical treatment of civilians by law enforcement. However, research examining the ways in which adverse nonphysical encounters with law enforcement influence perceptions of police and compromise their relationship with civilians is less prevalent. This study utilizes a thematic approach to analyze 252 participants open-ended responses from the Police–Public Encounters survey. The Police–Public Encounters survey was designed to investigate the prevalence, demographic distribution, and psychological correlates of police victimization from adults across four US cities (Baltimore, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, DC), to understand their most notably adverse encounter with police. Study findings revealed four themes: 1) direct and indirect experiences of racial profiling, 2) fear and intimidation, 3) unjust treatment, and 4) poor quality of service. Findings highlight the relationship between nonphysical encounters with police and notions of procedural justice that influence civilian-police interactions. Implications for future research should continue to explore citizens’ perceptions of police as well as police perceptions of their encounters with civilians to examine how this may affect their ability to serve and protect communities.</p>

Literature pertaining to civilian-police relations within the United States primarily focuses on unjust physical treatment of civilians by law enforcement. However, research examining the ways in which adverse nonphysical encounters with law enforcement influence perceptions of police and compromise their relationship with civilians is less prevalent. This study utilizes a thematic approach to analyze 252 participants open-ended responses from the Police-Public Encounters survey. The Police-Public Encounters survey was designed to investigate the prevalence, demographic distribution, and psychological correlates of police victimization from adults across four US cities (Baltimore, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, DC), to understand their most notably adverse encounter with police. Study findings revealed four themes: 1) direct and indirect experiences of racial profiling, 2) fear and intimidation, 3) unjust treatment, and 4) poor quality of service. Findings highlight the relationship between nonphysical encounters with police and notions of procedural justice that influence civilianpolice interactions. Implications for future research should continue to explore citizens' perceptions of police as well as police perceptions of their encounters with civilians to examine how this may affect their ability to serve and protect communities.

<p>Introduction</p> <p>Black people are disproportionately impacted by homicide. However, despite this overrepresentation, research is limited relevant to how black individuals, families and communities cope with the chronic traumatic devastation of homicide. This scoping review will provide an amalgamation of the current literature regarding the coping strategies of black survivors of homicide victims to inform future health and social work practice. </p> <p>Methods and analysis </p> <p>In this scoping review, Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework will be used to succinctly gather and synthesise previous literature and identify gaps in research relevant to black survivors of homicide victims. This method will allow for a focused process of chosen pertinent databases. The seven databases include OVID (MEDLINE and PsycINFO), ProQuest (Sociological Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, International Bibliography of Social Sciences), EBSCO (Africa Wide, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature). The seven databases were chosen for their relevance to the topic of coping with homicide for black individuals, families and communities. All members of the research team will screen the abstracts and full texts of the literature based on the inclusion criteria. The findings will be charted and synthesised using a qualitative thematic analysis. </p> <p>Ethics and dissemination </p> <p>The articles chosen for this review will be gathered from peer-reviewed journals and scholarly search engines. Due to this research project’s nature, ethics approval is not warranted. The results of this scoping review will inform culturally responsive approaches to research, policy and practice for first responders (eg, law enforcement, emergency medical technicians) and providers (eg, mental health clinicians, physicians and faith-based communities) who frequently render services to black survivors of homicide victims. The results will be shared through journal article publications, academic and community conferences, as well as professional training opportunities for practitioners who support Black individuals, families and communities</p>