o momento ideal para realizar a colheita do feijão é após a maturação fisiológica, quando o vigor, a germinação e o peso da matéria seca são elevados. A colheita mecânica, nesta ocasião, é dificil em razão da alta umidade dos grãos e do elevado número de folhas verdes, além de implicar em injúrias mecânicas nas sementes. O uso de dessecantes pode minimizar este problema, por promover uniformidade das plantas na colheita e redução da umidade dos grãos. Visando avaliar a eficácia agronômica do herbicida diquat na dessecação em pré-colheita da cultura do feijão, foi instalado um experimento em Ponta Grossa, PR, no ano agrícola 1999/00, utilizando-se a cultivar FT Nobre. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos, aplicados 14 dias antes da colheita, foram: diquat nas doses de 200, 300, 400 e 500 g1ha, amônio-glufosinato na dose de 400 g1ha e testemunha absoluta. O diquat nas doses igualou superiores a 300 g/ha e o amônio-glufosinato foram eficientes no controle/desfolha de Bidens pilosa, Eleusine indica e Digitaria horizontalis. Todos os tratamentos foram eficazes na desfolha das plantas de feijão a partir de quatro dias após a aplicação, indicando a possibilidade da antecipação da colheita. Entre os dessecantes utilizados e a testemunha não foram observadas diferenças na produtividade, na germinação e no vigor das sementes.Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris, dessecantes. ABSTRACT Diquat defoliation effieiency on pre harvest bean cropThe best time to harvest the bean crop is after the occurrence ofphysiological maturation, when the seeds vigour, the gemination and the weight of dry matter are high. To carry out mechanical harvesting at this moment is difficult because a high number of leaves is still green. Besides, the mechanical injuries may be inflicted on the seeds. The use of defoliation can minimize this occurrence, promoting uniformity of plants maturity at harvest with grains maintaining low moisture. ln order to evaluate the agronomic efficiency on defoliation of diquat at pre harvest ofthe bean crop, an experiment was carried out in Ponta Grossa (PR), during 1999/00, using the cultivar FT Nobre. The experimental design was a randomised block with six treatments and four replications. The following treatments were tested with applications 14 days before harvesting: diquat (200,300,400 and 500 g1ha), ammonium-glufosinate (400 g1ha) and controI. Diquat at doses equal to or higher than 300 gI ha and ammonium-glufosinate showed efficiency in the control (or defoliation) of Bidens pilosa, Eleusine indica and Digitaria horizontalis. AlI treatments showed efficiency for plant defoliation after four days of application, indicating the possibility of anticipation ofharvest. Differences in seed germination, vigour, health and even on the yield among the treatments, including the control were not observed.
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