Summary• Tension wood formed in response to gravitational force is a striking example of the plasticity of angiosperm wood. In this study our goal was to characterize the early changes in gene expression during tension wood formation in Eucalyptus .• Using cDNA array technology, transcript profiling of 231 genes preferentially expressed in differentiating Eucalyptus xylem was followed from 6 h to 1 wk of a tension time course of artificially bent Eucalyptus trees.• 196 genes were differentially regulated between control and bent trees, some exhibiting distinctive expression patterns related to changes in secondary cell wall structure and composition. For instance, expression of a cellulose synthase gene was well correlated with the appearance of the G-layers. Cluster correlation analysis revealed differential regulation of lignin biosynthetic genes and may also be used to help infer the function of unknown gene products.• Eucalyptus wood transcriptome analysis during tension wood formation not only provided new clues into the transcriptional regulatory network of genes preferentially expressed in xylem, but also highlighted candidate genes responsible for the genetic and environmentally induced variation of wood quality traits.

With surface sizing process, the paper surface can be tailored in order to achieve excellent print quality. Present study reports paper surface modifications carried out by surface sizing treatment with formulations composed by different polymer binders systems and subsequent evaluation of inkjet print quality of the produced papers. Binders as cationic starch (used on surface sizing in paper mill) and polyvinyl alcohol (used as binder in coating process) had been used in order to improve the inkjet print quality. These binders systems provide papers with different structure and physicalchemical properties and as consequence differentiated print quality. Parameters, such as, line width, blur, raggedness, inter-color bleed, circularity and dot gain, gamut area and optical printing densities were measured and correlated with the structural and physical-chemistry features of the paper samples. The results revealed higher performance of the paper surface sized with only polyvinyl alcohol. Multivariate analysis demonstrates that hydrophilicity and roughness are properties particularly detrimental for gamut area.

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