Purpose To report a case of bilateral anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy with macular star in a patient with Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP). Methods A 46‐year‐old man was referred to our clinic complaining of progressive decrease in visual acuity of the right eye (OD) since the last 10 days, and since 3 days in his left eye (OS). His visual acuity was ‘hand motion’ OD and 4/10 OS. Anterior segment examination was insignificant, while fundus examination revealed optic disc edema, and bilateral macular star. A relative afferent pupillary defect was present in his right eye with normal pupillary reflexes in the left eye. Laboratory analysis showed: Hematocrit: 22.1%, ESR: 140 mm/hr, CRP: 64.80 mg/dl, Creatinine: 4.4 mg/dl. Physical examination revealed presence of erythematous rash on the trunk and the extremities. The patient was admitted to the Nephrology department for treatment of his azotemia. Results During his hospital course we performed complete laboratory and imaging examinations for autoimmune diseases, vasculitis and infectious diseases, which were negative. Histologic findings of renal biopsy were compatible with IgA glomerulonephritis and thus HSP was diagnosed. The patient received oral methylprednisolone and intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy. Six months later his renal function had improved, the rash had subsided and his visual acuity was ‘counting fingers’ OD and 10/10 OS. Standard automated perimetry showed peripheral visual field depression bilaterally. Conclusions Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a small vessel vasculitis which is more common in children. Based on literature, ophthalmic manifestations of HSP usually involve the anterior segment and less frequently the posterior segment. Systemic vasculitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of bilateral optic disc edema.

Key features of critical ethical naturalism (CEN) can be more fully appreciated by considering them in relation to themes in Aristotle’s ethics and politics. Drawing on Aristotle’s writings, four central features of CEN are explored. The first aspect of CEN considered concerns its recognition that we are community beings that are mutually constituted and subject to co-development, Aristotle’s discussion of character friendship and our essentially political nature supports a fuller appreciation of what this involves and implies. A second aspect of CEN examined relates to the use of the term ‘eudaimonia’ to refer to a life of a human fulfilled (a life of flourishing)—Aristotle’s own use of the term is considered and shown to be valuable in clarifying its deployment in CEN. The third feature of CEN discussed concerns the extent to which all humans are critical ethical naturalists due to their inherent dispositions to care. Aristotle is seen as supporting the view that we have an inbuilt tendency to care but is shown to also maintain that humans, when rational, choose to endorse their caring (rather than other) tendencies not simply because they are natural but because they are good. These insights enable a better appreciation of CEN’s claims by clarifying the connections between our rational faculties and our innate tendencies to care for others. Finally, the recognition in CEN of the vulnerabilities of humans stemming from their communal nature and the analysis of ways in which certain configurations of social relations weaken our tendencies to care and form obstacles in the path to a good society are shown to echo important reservations Aristotle had about certain forms of association. Aristotle’s notion of organicity in the development of social arrangements is shown to provide useful clarifications regarding the notion of authenticity (and its connections with human flourishing) as the latter is deployed in CEN.