No abstract

Ayankulam is the trending one recently during the 2021 monsoon of India. Despite a large supply of water from the Nambiar canal for five days, the village's fabled well was unable to fill. When the district collector and IIT team came, they assessed the community and noted that the wells' geological makeup was classified as a karst formation (as per e-news sited in The New Indian Express dated 03/12/2021). There might be some sinking stream that might link this well. Karst topography of calcarenite rocks is the reason for groundwater movement beneath the subsurface for not filling the well. One of the most crucial elements of nature's water supplies is groundwater. Groundwater has to be explored more thoroughly since demand for it rises as the population grows. To determine the existence of usable groundwater for irrigation purposes in the study area Geophysical (Azimuthal square array method and Magnetotelluric method) and Geochemical investigations were done. The Azimuthal Square array method covers 360º coverage of subsurface resulting in fracture orientation of rock to determine the weak/strong zones in different rock types. The Magnetotelluric method scans the subsurface rock and provides information about Geological formation, Weak zone where water oozes out, depth and movement of groundwater. Water samples were collected in and around the “Sinking Stream” origin well and its associated open and tube wells from the study area. The combination of Square Array, MT, Water quality, and quantity study focuses on the Trapped Aquifer system of sinking streams in all water bodies and wells. The movement of groundwater seems to be increasing in Seashore areas such as Uvari and Karikovil are identified relating its water samples from deep bore wells quality and sinking stream water quality. The heavy rainfall and hydrostatic pressure of predominant rock on eroded Calcarenite lime formation create water “Dry fall out” resulting in Sinking streams in the Ayankulam area.

Ayankulam is the trending one recently during the 2021 monsoon of India. Despite a large supply of water from the Nambiar canal for five days, the village's fabled well was unable to fill. When the district collector and IIT team came, they assessed the community and noted that the wells' geological makeup was classified as a karst formation (as per e-news sited in The New Indian Express dated 03/12/2021). There might be some sinking stream that might link this well. Karst topography of calcarenite rocks is the reason for groundwater movement beneath the subsurface for not filling the well. One of the most crucial elements of nature's water supplies is groundwater. Groundwater has to be explored more thoroughly since demand for it rises as the population grows. To determine the existence of usable groundwater for irrigation purposes in the study area Geophysical (Azimuthal square array method and Magnetotelluric method) and Geochemical investigations were done. The Azimuthal Square array method covers 360º coverage of subsurface resulting in fracture orientation of rock to determine the weak/strong zones in different rock types. The Magnetotelluric method scans the subsurface rock and provides information about Geological formation, Weak zone where water oozes out, depth and movement of groundwater. Water samples were collected in and around the “Sinking Stream” origin well and its associated open and tube wells from the study area. The combination of Square Array, MT, Water quality, and quantity study focuses on the Trapped Aquifer system of sinking streams in all water bodies and wells. The movement of groundwater seems to be increasing in Seashore areas such as Uvari and Karikovil are identified relating its water samples from deep bore wells quality and sinking stream water quality. The heavy rainfall and hydrostatic pressure of predominant rock on eroded Calcarenite lime formation create water “Dry fall out” resulting in Sinking streams in the Ayankulam area.

Ayankulam is the trending one recently during the 2021 monsoon of India. The legendary well in the village failed to fill despite five days of strong water inflow from the Nambiar canal. District collector arrived and inspected with IIT team and surveyed the village stating that the wells nature was geographically termed to be Karst formation (as per e-news sited in The New Indian Express dated 03/12/2021). There might be some sinking stream that might link this well. Karst topography of calcarenite rocks is the reason for groundwater movement beneath the subsurface for not filling the well. Groundwater is a very important component of water resources in nature. Since the demand for groundwater increases with population growth, it is necessary to explore groundwater more intensively. To determine the existence of usable groundwater for irrigation purposes in the study area Geophysical (Azimuthal square array method and Magnetotelluric method) and Geochemical investigations were done. The Azimuthal Square array method covers 360º coverage of subsurface resulting in fracture orientation of rock to determine the weak/strong zones in different rock types. The Magnetotelluric method scans the subsurface rock and provides information about Geological formation, Weak zone where water oozes out, depth and movement of groundwater. Water samples were collected in and around the “Sinking Stream” origin well and its associated open and tube wells from the study area. The combination of Square Array, MT, Water quality, and quantity study focuses on the Trapped Aquifer system of sinking streams in all water bodies and wells. The movement of groundwater seems to be increasing in Seashore areas such as Uvari and Karikovil are identified relating its water samples from deep bore wells quality and sinking stream water quality. The heavy rainfall and hydrostatic pressure of predominant rock on eroded Calcarenite lime formation create water “Dry fall out” resulting in Sinking streams in the Ayankulam area.

In this study, an effort has been made to locate the subsurface basin for groundwater storage and to identify the suitable destination for the sustainable domestic, agricultural, and drinking needs to demarcate groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) for Srivaikundam region in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India, using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) with analytical hierarchy process (AHP). According to their respective importance for groundwater occurrence, Saaty's scale was appropriately weighted to give the thematic layers and their attributes. The selected thematic maps were then merged using the weighted linear combination method to produce the final groundwater potential zone map after the layers' assigned weights and their features had been standardized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and eigenvector approach. Based on Saaty's 9-point scale, each criterion or factor was given the proper weight, and the weights were then normalized using the analytic hierarchy approach (AHP). To create the groundwater potential prediction map for the research area, the method was incorporated into the GIS environment. They are eight thematic layers are integrated into the GIS platform using weighted index overlay analysis. Groundwater conditions have been used to define GIS analysis criteria, and each information layer has been assigned an appropriate rank and weightage. Finally, groundwater recharge zones have been selected and classified into low, medium, and high based on cumulative weighted value.