Meningioma is the most common benign intracranial tumour that develops in the meningeal protective covering of the central nervous system (CNS). Globally, every nine individuals out of 100,000 are diagnosed with this cancer. Basic risk factors of meningioma comprise ionizing radiation, hormonal imbalance, and genetic aberrations. In this study, various bioinformatics tools, specialized for consensus-based identification, sequence-homology, and supervised learning, were employed to analyze and screen the deleterious mutational landscape of commonly associated genes of meningioma/genes commonly associated with meningioma. This study employed an in-silico approach aimed to utilize thirteen different tools to benchmark pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SMARCB1, AKT1, SMO, SUFU, NF2 and MTHFR genes related to meningioma. We identified six highly pathogenic SNPs related to meningioma: SMARCB1 (rs387906812, rs387906811, rs267607072), AKT1 (rs121434592), SMO (rs121918347), and SUFU (rs202247756). Additionally, several deleterious missense variants of NF2 and MTHFR genes were also identified. Hence, this study is a gateway for research on SNPs since they can be utilized to conduct a type-based diagnosis of meningioma for its early prognosis. They can also be utilized as genomic targets for a targeted therapy by developing inhibitors against mutated proteins. For this purpose, further wet-lab experiments and genome-wide association studies are required to genotype these SNPs in a large number of samples, collected from different populations belonging to various ethnicities, for the development of SNP(s) gene panels.

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The history of coronaviruses dates back to the 1960s. There have been several coronaviruses induced epidemics such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in the recent past. More recently, another coronavirus-induced disease, namely COVID-19 emerged as an epidemic and rapidly developed into a pandemic due to the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. It emerged as an epidemic novel COVID-19, in late 2019, instigated by SARS-CoV2. This review analyses the different aspects of SARS-CoV-2 including its genomic structure, protein composition, transmission mode, and life cycle. SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus, which codes four structural proteins along with various accessory proteins. A unique property of COVID-19 is that it incorporates a polybasic cleavage site, which increases its pathogenicity. The genomic variation of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 is assumed to be the reason behind its high transmissibility. It was identified that this genomic variation hinders the development of treatment against this disease. This review aims to facilitate the prevention of this infectious disease as well as suggest possible treatment regimens.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global health concern. The vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are unable to barricade the reinfection in fully vaccinated individuals. Considering this dilemma, the recent research strategies are focused on the new candidates having antiviral potential with significant and consistent efficacies as well as the least side effects. In this study, we have screened plant-derived phytochemicals, antiviral compounds from PubChem, and natural compounds from the Hamdard products for identification of antiviral therapeutics against Spike (S) glycoprotein and main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. All these compounds were screened based on their binding affinities as predicted by molecular docking analysis and compounds having binding affinity values ≤ -10 kcal/mol were considered for analysis. Furthermore, from physicochemical assessment, drug-likeness initially nine compounds were identified as the antiviral targets for the selected viral proteins. Finally, after ADMET analysis and MD simulations, the compound 9064 with the lowest Root Mean Square Deviations (RMSD), Coul-SR interaction energy (-71.53 kJ/mol), and LJ-SR energy (-95.32 kJ/mol) was selected as the most stable drug candidate against COVID-19 main protease Mpro. The selected antiviral compound 9064 is an antioxidant flavonoid (Catechin or Cianidanol), which is previously known to have significant immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.