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Background: Patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery often develop pulmonary complications in the early post-operative period as result of decreased lung function and impaired cough. Conventional physiotherapy in early post-operative period aims at increasing lung volumes and airway clearance. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the addition of Acapella to conventional chest physiotherapy in improving lung volumes and secretion clearance in early post-operative CABG patients. Methods: Twenty patients of both genders (40–70 years) who had undergone CABG and were in Phase I of Cardiac Rehabilitation were involved in this pilot randomized control trial (9 control, 11 experimental). Post-surgery intervention commenced on post-operative day 2 (POD 2) and continued till POD 6. Patients in the control group were given conventional physiotherapy that included breathing exercises, incentive spirometry and manual techniques. Patient in the experimental group used an Acapella device along with the conventional intervention. Outcome measures considered were pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV1 & PEFR) and amount of sputum expectorated. Results: A significant increase in lung volumes was observed in both the groups on POD 6 as compared to POD 2 ([Formula: see text]). However, the increase was significantly greater on POD 6 in experimental group than the control group [mean difference (95% CI) FVC: 0.44[Formula: see text]L (0.24–0.63), FEV1: 0.43[Formula: see text]L (0.19–0.66), PEFR: 0.86[Formula: see text]L/s (0.57–1.14)]. The amount of sputum expectoration significantly greater in the experimental group as compared to the control group [2.71[Formula: see text]mL (0.53–4.90)]. Conclusion: The addition of Acapella enhanced the effect conventional physiotherapy in improving lung volumes and airway clearance in the early post-operative period for CABG patients.

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Background: IPAQ-LF is a widely used tool for subjective assessment of physical activity. It has been translated, cross-culturally adapted into many languages and tested in many countries around the world. However, no Hindi version of the long-form of this questionnaire exists till date. Objective: To cross-culturally adapt the IPAQ-LF from English to Hindi language and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods: The guidelines by IPAQ Committee were followed for cross-cultural adaptation process. The Test–retest reliability was assessed on 60 participants by administering Hindi IPAQ-LF twice within two-week time frame. The construct validity was assessed by comparing with seven-day pedometer recording. Results: Excellent reliability was observed between total physical activity scores on repeated Hindi IPAQ-LF administrations, with interclass correlation coefficient of 0.963 at 95% confidence interval. The ICC for job, transport, Housework and Leisure domain was calculated to be 0.923, 0.839, 0.862 and 0.939, respectively, suggesting excellent reliability. The Cronbach’s alpha computed (0.82) suggests good internal consistency. The Hindi Version of IPAQ-LF also demonstrated good construct validity with Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.783. Bland–Altman analyses were performed to evaluate the level of agreement between two constructs. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that Hindi version of IPAQ-LF is a reliable and valid tool for assessing physical activity levels for Hindi speaking population.