In the scenario of extending the organized retail markets to tier II and III cities of India, a preliminary inquiry in Ranga Reddy district highlighted the non-participation of the vegetable growers in the retail marketing system. To understand further, the knowledge level that contributes to the behavior is examined in this study. A total of 150 vegetable growers of the peri-urban area were selected by simple random sampling and were approached with a structured interview schedule. A teacher-made test was posed to elucidate the knowledge in 4 aspects - awareness, marketing process, pricing, and additional services provided. It was found that 64.00 per cent of the respondents had a medium knowledge of retail markets. The correlation analysis disclosed a significant positive relationship of knowledge level with education, the area under vegetables, market orientation, market intelligence, information-seeking behavior at 1 per cent, and economic motivation, landholding at 5 per cent. It was observed that age and experience in vegetable farming are negatively significant with 0.05 per cent of probability. Execution of -step-wise regression to fit the model where education, market orientation, the area under vegetable production, annual income, economic motivation, decision-making ability with unstandardized coefficients 0.994, 0.953, 0.482, - 4.285E-6, 0.197, 0.222 respectively were found significant with 39.7 per cent of coefficient of determination (R2). Converting knowledge into actions requires interactions with retail market agencies that build trust.

In the hunt for alternative energy sources, lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), such as forestry and agricultural residues, appears to be a potential raw material for transformation into useful bio-products in so-called biorefineries, as it is abundant at low/no cost. The electricity generation capacity is expected to expand from 183 GW to 800 GW by 2031-32. In contrast to demand, India's indigenous energy sources are insufficient, leaving it reliant on crude oil imports (>80%). Alternative 2G renewable energy solutions have become important due to oil geopolitics and environmental concerns. As an agrarian tropical nation, crops produce significant volumes of residues, resulting in both resource waste and a missed opportunity to increase farmer revenue. As a result, forestry and agriculture leftovers on and off the farm can be used to generate bio-energy and other platform chemicals. The recalcitrance and intricacy of cellulose fibrils intertwined with hemicellulose and lignin render lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) generally inaccessible to cellulolytic enzymes in the native state, despite being renewable and inexpensive. Bio delignification/ depolymerization with ligninases can break down such complicated materials. Further hydrolysis of LCB to convert cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions into monomeric sugars is dependent on the costs and robust enzymes such as glycosyl hydrolases (GHs), which have multiple substrates, are more stable at high temperatures and a wide pH range, and have improved catalytic efficiency. Thermozymes, enzymes obtained from thermophilic microbes possess unique characteristics such as temperature, chemical, and pH stability. They can certainly be used in several industrial processes by replacing mesophilic enzymes. Because the process works at slightly elevated temperatures, thermostable ligninases and GHs are of special importance. The biocatalyst's stability and reusability have always been important obstacles in creating biocatalytic reactions. The challenges and potential of employing thermophiles and their derived enzymes (thermozymes) in various stages of biomass conversion into a variety of commercial chemicals are discussed in this review.