Aim: To determine the incidence of Acute Mitral Regurgitation in severe mitral stenosis patients done with Post Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC). Methodology: This cross-sectional study was held in the Bahawalpur Heart Center, Bahawalpur for the duration of six months from March 2022 to September 2022. The study included 80 patients, regardless of gender, between the ages of 19-80 years and who had not undergone PTMC. Those with mitral regurgitation and mitral stenosis, left atrial clots, and patients with end-stage renal disease were not included in the study. The predefined Proforma was used as a research tool to document the medical records of PTMC patients. The patient's name, age, echo results, sex, course of treatment, complications and post-procedure information are among the variables documented on the proforma. Results: The patients mean age recorded in this study was 43.18 ± 10.33. The maximum of the PTMC patients, were females 65(80%). The majority of PTMC patients were found to have "Trace" MR, which is a very slight leak in a heart valve. Before the procedure, there were 30 (37.5%) patients with trace MR, followed by 27 (33.8%) patients with mild MR. Before the procedure, 8 (10%) patients had no MR-related difficulties, 5 (6.2%) had moderate MR, and 4 (5%) had mild-moderate MR. After the procedure, 63 (78.8%) of the patients experienced "no complications," 12 (15%) of the PTMC patients experienced "severe mitral regurgitation," 4 (5%) experienced a local hematoma, and cardiac tamponade was seen in one patient. Post-procedure, one patient died. Post-stratification research revealed that 61.3% of patients without a prior history of commissurotomy and the majority of female patients had no complications. While 22.4% of those who never had a prior commissurotomy experienced severe MR overall Conclusion: Our research showed that only a small proportion of PTMC patients had severe mitral regurgitation. Overall, the treatment was successful and safe. Keywords: Cardiac Tamponade, Local Site Complications, Post Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy, PTMC, Mitral Regurgitation, MR

To find out distribution of cardiovascular risk factors for women in established coronary artery disease. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Private clinic of consultant cardiologist at Bahawalpur from June 2013 to December 2015. Methodology: Total 6345 patients were registered and only 820 female patients were diagnosed cases of ischemic heart disease selected for analysis of their cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The overall mean age of women was 57.75±11.28 years, weight was 66.3±15.14 kilogram, height was 153.77±7.87 cm, body mass index (BMI) was 27.89±6 kg/m 2 and body surface area (BSA) was 1.76±0.28 m 2. Significantly high frequency of obesity was found in premenopausal women as compared to other group i.e. 56.5% with p value <0.0001. BMI was also high in premenopausal women 32.13±7.91 then perimenopausal women, postmenopausal women and women with hysterectomy 28.06±6.93, 27.84±5.51 and 27.33±6.03 respectively. The overall weight is also more in premenopausal group as compared to postmenopausal, perimenopasaul and hysterectomy group i.e. 77.54±21.18, 66.46±13.66, 66.07±16.33 and 64.41±15.31 respectively and P Value was <0.0001. There was no difference found when DM, HTN and smoking compared within these four group. Smoking, CVA and PCI or CABG were 13(1.5%), 30(3.7%) and 13(1.5%) women respectively. Conclusion: Hypertension and DM are most common risk factor in women with IHD. Weight, BMI and different class of obesity are more common in younger age group as compare to older age. Smoking, PCI and CABG are very less frequent in women in this area.

Objectives: To find out distribution of cardiovascular risk factors for women inestablished coronary artery disease. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional descriptivestudy. Place and Duration of Study: Private clinic of consultant cardiologist at Bahawalpur fromJune 2013 to December 2015. Methodology: Total 6345 patients were registered and only 820female patients were diagnosed cases of ischemic heart disease selected for analysis of theircardiovascular risk factors. Results: The overall mean age of women was 57.75±11.28 years,weight was 66.3±15.14 kilogram, height was 153.77±7.87 cm, body mass index (BMI) was27.89±6 kg/m2 and body surface area (BSA) was 1.76±0.28 m2. Significantly high frequencyof obesity was found in premenopausal women as compared to other group i.e. 56.5% with pvalue <0.0001. BMI was also high in premenopausal women 32.13±7.91 then perimenopausalwomen, postmenopausal women and women with hysterectomy 28.06±6.93, 27.84±5.51 and27.33±6.03 respectively. The overall weight is also more in premenopausal group as comparedto postmenopausal, perimenopasaul and hysterectomy group i.e. 77.54±21.18, 66.46±13.66,66.07±16.33 and 64.41±15.31 respectively and P Value was <0.0001. There was no differencefound when DM, HTN and smoking compared within these four group. Smoking, CVA and PCI orCABG were 13(1.5%), 30(3.7%) and 13(1.5%) women respectively. Conclusion: Hypertensionand DM are most common risk factor in women with IHD. Weight, BMI and different class ofobesity are more common in younger age group as compare to older age. Smoking, PCI andCABG are very less frequent in women in this area.