BackgroundThe significant increase in the prevalence of obesity over past decades caused the concomitant rise in the incidence of glucose intolerance and diabetes.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of diabetes among Saudi nationals in Turaif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to examine the association between diabetes and obesity in the studied population.MethodsThis study was conducted during the period from May 01 to May 31, 2017. Data was collected from 402 individuals aged between 6–63 years via a predesigned questionnaire covering medical history of diabetes, age and sex. Body weight and height was measured to calculate BMI. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 15, using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test.ResultsMean age (± SD) was 23.27 (±13.509) years, male to female ratio was 38.1% to 61.9%. The total prevalence of DM among the studied population was 4.5%, pre-diabetic cases were 7.5%. There is significant effect of age, sex and BMI on the occurrence of diabetes among the studied population (p<0.05).ConclusionsAwareness campaigns and prevention programs about diabetes should be instituted and control strategies should be implemented. There is a need for a diabetes screening and management programs, focusing on access to health care in the city.

BackgroundEpilepsy is the most common serious neurological disorder and is one of the world’s most prevalent non-communicable diseases. There are no recently published data on the prevalence of epilepsy in school children in Northern Saudi Arabia.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine the prevalence of epilepsy and to show some of its risk factors in school children and adolescents (6–18 years) in Turaif city, Northern Saudi Arabia.MethodsThis, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Turaif city, over a 6-month period, from July 2016 to January 2017. It included pupils aged 6 to18 years in all primary, preparatory and secondary schools in Turaif city. Multi-stage sampling was employed. A designated structured questionnaire was completed for each patient and included the patient’s history, clinical examination, investigations and medications. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using Chi-Squared test and descriptive statistics.ResultsOut of 1,230 children, 66 (5.5%) had epilepsy; 68.2% of them were males and 31.8% females (p=0.000). Consanguinity between parents plays a significant role where 59.1% of cases had parents who were cousins (p=0.000). Family history also had a significant effect as 68.2% of cases had epilepsy cases in their families (p=0.000).ConclusionEpilepsy prevalence among school children (6–18 years) in Turaif city is higher in males than females. Consanguinity and positive family history are important factors. Decision makers must take effective steps to limit the causes and risk factors of the problem.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects as many as one-third of reproductive-aged women. Women with AUB may experience pain, embarrassment and inconvenience that can have a significant impact on their lives. This study was carried out aiming to assess the pattern and possible causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive aged women in Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study was conducted at Maternal and Child Hospital of Arar City, during the period from 1/5/2017 to 30/7/2017. Data collected by personal interview with cases and filling a pre-designed online questionnaire. Collected data was coded and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 16). Descriptive statistics for the quantitative and qualitative variables were used. Results: In our study 100 women were included, with mean age 30.5±6.9, mean age of menarche was 13.1 (±1.8) and 52% of them had regular menses. Pattern of bleeding was menorrhagia in 52%. The cause of bleeding was dysfunctional uterine bleeding in 59% of cases, Intrauterine device complications in14%, Uterine fibroid in 12% of cases and contraceptive pills complications in 15%. Only 13% of them treated surgically while 87.0% treated medically. Conclusion: The most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding was endometrial hyperplasia (in 59%), and the contraceptive pills complications comes in the second place (in 15%), then the Intrauterine device complications (in 14%) and the uterine fibroid (in 12%). Health education sittings is recommended to increase the public awareness about the causes and importance of seeking medical care during AUB attacks specially in premenopausal period.

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Background: Because of the influence of culture and the fact that obesity is a new phenomenon caused by changing lifestyles, many physicians in Riyadh are not sufficiently empowered to provide thenecessary services to their clients. This study will identify the gaps in family physicians knowledge, attitude, and practice in Riyadh and recommend ways to design training programs in areas of knowledge, attitude, and practice when dealing with obesity and overweight cases. Methodology:This study is a cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of family physicians regarding obesity counseling in family practice centers, cluster one, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The sample and data were collected by a pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) method Results: The majority of the respondents depend on the waist circumference to diagnose obesity with 100% among the family physicians. The majority of the respondents think that obesity is a major health problem in Saudi Arabia with 125 (96.08%). Almost all family physicians (92.1%) agreed that is it better to have a training course in obesity management and 99 % thought that it is better to include obesity topic in health education program.Moreover, 100 % of the physicians would recommend lifestyle measure to decrease weight of regular physical exercise. Conclusion: Family physicians working in the primary health centers need to improve their knowledge and skills regarding obesity management.