The article presents the results of studying the qualitative composition and quantitative content of some groups of phenolic compounds in 11 types of medicinal plants growing in the foothills of the North Caucasus, and provides the estimates of the antioxidant activity of extracts from these plants. The qualitative and quantitative content of phenolic compounds was determined using a Kapel-105M capillary electrophoresis system, and the total antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured on a Tsvet Yauza-01-AA device with an amperometric detector. In the studied plant samples, the total content of tannins was determined, eight phenolcarbonic acids were identified and quantified, as well as quercetin and rutin — two of the most important flavonols. The highest total content of phenolcarbonic acids (11,776.2 mg/kg), as well as the highest antioxidant activity were noted in the aqueous extract obtained from Echinacea purpurea (lat. Echinacea angustifolia). The direct relationship between the antioxidant activity of the studied medicinal raw material and the content of phenolic compounds has been experimentally established as follows: the higher is the concentration of phenolic substances, the higher is the antioxidant activity. The results of this study provide new information on the composition and content of phenolic compounds in some types of wild-growing plant raw materials of the North Caucasus and the antioxidant activity of extracts based thereon that will facilitate the use of the studied plants as a potential source of natural antioxidants in the production of functional materials.

The purpose of the work was to ensure the environmental safety of fruit wines based on studying the content of secondary metabolites of mold fungi – mycotoxins – and their properties in them. The study objects included different varieties of apples that were damaged in a different way. The whole apples that were not damaged by pests and diseases were used as a reference group. To define the content of patulin and aflatoxins A and G, thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography were used. In order to define the mass concentrations of amino acids, the method of liquid ion-exchange eluent chromatography was used. The analysis of wine materials produced from apples that had various types of damage has showed that they contained mycotoxins, namely, aflatoxins A and G and patulin. It has been determined that the degree of contamination of the apples surface with mold fungi depends on the type of the fruit damage. The content of toxins increases in the following sequence: mechanically damaged apples < pest damaged apples < apples damaged by diseases. All objects were characterized by a considerable content of patulin. An attempt has been made to define possible areas for the patulin synthesis with mold fungi. The impact of mold fungi on the composition of amino acids in fruit materials has been studied. The difference in the concentration of amino acids in low alcoholic and highly alcoholic environments has been revealed. It has been defined that the reason for obtaining fermented juices with a depleted amino acid composition is the use of the fruits damaged with rot. The increase in the content of certain amino acids in fermented alcoholized juices indicates the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic medium on the metabolic processes of mold fungi and a decrease in their enzymatic activity. The mechanism of the interaction between patulin and amino acids of fruit materials has been explained.

Carotenoids are widely used and demanded as natural dyes in food technologies due to their biologically active properties. Due to antioxidant properties, carotenoids are widely used for the prevention and treatment of various human diseases, including oncological, cardiovascular, diabetes, etc. In addition, carotenoids are the main sources of vitamin A, which is not produced by the human body, but has a great influence on eye-sight, growth, development and reproductive function of the body. The purpose of the research is to analyze scientific and technical literature to determine the physiological function of carotenoids and the possibilities of their use in food technologies. Carotenoids enter the human body with food and their presence in sufficient quantities in the human diet ensures the normal functioning of the body. The issues of using lycopine and beta-carotene as food dyes and food additives in food technologies have been considered, as well as biologically active components when creating food products, including specialized, functional and personalized ones.The analysis of scientific information has shown that, due to their biological properties, carotenoids perform an important physiological function in a person’s life. The expansion of the area of their use determines the increase in the production of carotenoids and food using them. In accordance with this, studies in the field of improving existing technologies for obtaining carotenoids and expanding the raw material base are relevant, including the use of secondary resources of processing carotene -containing raw materials.

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In the last decade the attitude of socially active people to their own health has changed significantly. The desire to lead a healthy lifestyle forms consumers’ demand for proper balanced nutrition, products enriched with natural biologically active substances of unconventional plant materials, systematic consumption of which can not only reduce the risk of alimentary diseases, but also protect a person from oxidative stress, which is the predecessor of many serious illnesses. Among the wide range of chemical compounds that make up plant materials, a special place is occupied by compounds of antioxidant action, such as flavonoids, phenol carboxylic acids, vitamins C and E. The aim of the research was to study the qualitative composition and quantitative content of natural antioxidants in some types of medicinal and technical plant materials of the Republic of Adygea to determine the possibility of their use in the production of functional food products. The content of biologically active compounds that determine the antioxidant properties of plant materials was determined using «Kapel 105 «M» capillary electrophoresis system and JASCO 875-UV liquid chromatograph. Antioxidant activity was measured by the amperometric method with Tsvet Yauza-01-AA analyzer. According to the results of the research, it has been found that Echinacea purpurea herb (1,09 g / dm3) and walnut leaves (0,96 g / dm3) exhibit a high antioxidant activity (in terms of gallic acid), which is due to the high concentration of natural antioxidants of the phenolic type. Due to these properties this plant raw materials can be used as enriching ingredients for the production of various groups of food products for functional purposes.