We report a very rare case of acute pyelonephritis in a 51-year-old female with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes caused by a normally benign and a well-known human commensal organism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is very often prescribed as a probiotic in modern medical practice. The causal role of S. cerevisiae was confirmed by its isolation in blood, urine, stool as well as vaginal swabs thus proving its virulent nature in suitable situations.

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Aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is related to but is pathologically distinct from aortic dissection. In this potentially lethal entity, there is hemorrhage into the aortic media in the absence of an intimal tear. With recent advances in imaging techniques, IMH is now increasingly recognized. The limited data available suggest that the clinical course of IMH mimics that of acute aortic dissection, and mortality rates are similar. Physicians need to be cognizant regarding this entity when they are evaluating chest pain. Here we report a case of IMH, in a 63-year-old female, which was managed conservatively.