VCE and SBFT are complementary for the diagnosis of CD. SBFT may be required to detect strictures as the videocapsule may not pass. However, some strictures may also be missed with SBFT. VCE is less invasive, less time-consuming for the patient than SBFT, and avoids radiation exposure, although reading time is greater for the gastroenterologist than the radiologist. Given that patients with clinically suspected CD recurrence may not have active disease, unnecessary and potentially harmful empiric therapy is not warranted without imaging.

Previous studies of the gap-junction beta-2 subunit gene GJB2 (connexin 26) have suggested that the 101T-->C (M34T) nucleotide substitution may be a mutant allele responsible for recessive deafness DFNB1. This hypothesis was consistent with observations of negligible intercellular coupling and gap-junction assembly of the M34T allele product expressed in Xenopus oocytes and HeLa cells. The results of our current study of a family cosegregating the 167delT allele of GJB2 and severe DFNB1 deafness demonstrate that this phenotype did not cosegregate with the compound-heterozygous genotype M34T/167delT. Since 167delT is a null allele of GJB2, this result indicates that the in vivo activity of a single M34T allele is not sufficiently reduced to cause the typical deafness phenotype associated with DFNB1. This observation raises the possibility that other GJB2 missense substitutions may not be recessive mutations that cause severe deafness and emphasizes the importance of observing cosegregation with deafness in large families to confirm that these missense alleles are mutant DFNB1 alleles.

No abstract

Screening for pulmonary metastatic disease is an important step for staging a patient with a known or recently discovered malignancy. Here we present our recommendations for screening for metastatic disease based on recommendations from the literature and experiences of pulmonary radiologists. In short, chest computed tomographic (CT) screening is the most appropriate tool for evaluation of pulmonary metastasis in the majority of cases. Chest computed tomographic screening is also recommended for follow-up and to determine response to therapy. Other modalities such as chest radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and scintigraphy will also be discussed. Please note that this study is a summary of the complete version of this topic, which is available on the ACR website at www.acr.org. Practitioners are encouraged to refer to the complete version.

Fat in the bladder can be identified on CT after partial nephrectomy. This finding is caused by chyluria secondary to lymphatic injury and should not be mistaken for other abnormalities. Our study population did not need treatment of chyluria.