Developmental scales for children aged 0-6 years are a particularly valuable resource for assessing developmental milestones in children. Most scales are developed based on a broad conceptual framework, and their metric validation is insufficient and of low quality. The aim of this systematic review is to analyse the psychometric quality of these tests and identify aspects in need of improvement. To this end, the PRISMA methodology and the WOS and ProQuest databases were used to search for articles addressing this topic. A total of 680 articles were identified, of which 72 were selected using the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicate a scarcity of independent studies on the statistical measurement of the scales. The selected articles are very heterogeneous and validate these tests using adaptations of common metrics. Most perform cross-cultural, concurrent, and prognostic validations of the tests. We conclude that the quality of the scale metrics and other common aspects of these tests need to be improved, particularly sample sparsity and heterogeneity, as well as cultural biases. We underline the importance of applying for advances in metrics for the construction of developmental scales and recommend the use of computerised versions to improve their ease of use and efficiency.
The graphic papers of Pablo, 14 years, diagnosed of autism of high functioning, serve as a sign of alert when facing what underlies after the specializing professional intervention.A few letters, a few drawings, and a few words that show the powerlessness, the suffering and the absence of contextual specific adequacy.In this work we study, from the analysis of a real case, some excellent aspects in the psychosociosanitary attention, such as:-The need for compilation of pertinent information-The need for elimination of prejudices-The need for respect to the family-The need for specialized formation-The need for search of a shared communicative code-The need for search of strategies of social interaction-The need for empathy-The need for search of contextual specific adequacy-The need for rigorous rules in the physical containment.-The need of a turned over of adapted information-The need to respect the psychoevolutive situation of the patient-The need to give priority to the person on the illness.A testimony that should serve as a warning for those institutions, administrations and professionals who are thinking of having put all the resources to its scope.A testimony that should serve to contribute information and new challenges to those other professionals who do not stop their determination of conceptual and/or clinical anxious research.
The general objetive of this paper is to better understand emotional expression in people with autism. In the first place, we will focus on the identification of patterns in emotional communication in order to demonstrate that people with autism show emotional communicative intentions but not following the normalized patterns (Alonso, Fernández and Suberviola, 2007). In the second place, we want to correlate patters identified by professionals and families in order to determine if there is a common ground among them. Plutchik (2001) identifies four pairs of Basic emotions -sadness/happiness, acceptance/disgust, fear/anger and anticipation/surprise - plus secondary emotions, resulting from the combinations of the above in different degrees of intensity.In order to clarify and make known these atypical emotional reactions, we have devised a measurement instrument which will allow us to gather information and work out an answer inventory from people with TEA.The instrument consists of three different parts:a) Personal identification. Data gathering on socio economic and cultural status of the family, schooling, and diagnosis of the person with TEA,b) physiological needs that can provoke emotions (for instance, hunger or thirst) andc) emotional states (following Plutchik taxonomy), distinguishing verbal and non verbal behaviour and the accompanying facial expressions that are used.The reliability of the instrument has been assessed by two extensive interjudge tests conducted by a wide number of national and international experts from different professional fields related to TEA: direct attention, advice and support, assessment and diagnosis, and study and research.
PresentationThe example of a real case with autism opens the eyes to us and denounces the current lack of centers and services as well as of certain treatments and programs personalized of psycho-social-health intervention.Remarks--Its problems is promoted by the problematic ones of other interns--Its problems is promoted in environments designed for persons with problems of social adaptation.--The promotion of its problems increases the high place conduct, and the highest, risk for its life and that of the others--The promotion of its problems increases the suffering--The promotion of its problems increases the deployment of resources and social expenseConclusions--They are not delinquents--They are not in court order--They do not come from the social services--They do not have intellectual disability--They have need for specializing professional attentionThey have need for temporary income of average or long stay but THERE IS NO PLACE ADAPTED TO THEM
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