RESUMOSubmetido em 16/12/2015 e aprovado em 05/05/2016. 1 Este trabalho é parte da dissertação de mestrado da primeira autora. 2 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. dssalice@gmail.com; laercio.silva@ufv.br; aracycamilla@hotmail.com; neysakiyama@gmail.com; 3 Embrapa Café, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil. williams Specialty coffees can be differentiated in various ways, including the environmental conditions in which they are produced and the sensory composition of the drink. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of altitude, slope exposure and fruit color on the sensory attributes of cafes of the region of Matas de Minas. Sampling points were georeferenced in four altitude ranges (< 700 m; 700 < x > 825 m, 825 < x < 950 m and > 950 m) of the coffee crop; two fruit colors of var. Catuaí (yellow and red); and two slope exposures (North-facing and South-facing). Coffee fruit at the cherry stage were processed and submitted to sensory analysis. The sensory attributes evaluated were overall perception, clean cup, balance, aftertaste, sweetness, acidity, body and flavor, which made up the final score. The scores were examined by ANOVA and means were compared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). From the sensory standpoint, coffee fruits of both colors are similar, as well as the coffees from both slope exposures when these factors were analyzed separately. However, at higher altitudes, Yellow Catuaí produces coffees with better sensory quality. Similarly, coffees from North-facing slopes, at higher altitudes produce better quality cup. The altitude is the main factor that interferes with coffee quality in the area. All factors together contribute to the final quality of the beverage produced in the region of Matas de Minas. Keywords Análise sensorial dos cafés especiais da região das Matas de Minas cultivados em diferentes condições ambientaisOs cafés especiais podem ser diferenciados por diversas formas, incluindo as condições ambientais em que são produzidos e a composição sensorial da bebida. Objetivou-se avaliar neste trabalho o efeito dos fatores altitude, face de exposição solar e cor do fruto nos atributos sensoriais dos cafés da região das Matas de Minas. Nas lavouras, pontos amostrais foram georreferenciados em quatro extratos de altitude (< 700 m; 700 < x > 825 m, 825 < x < 950 m e > 950 m); duas cores de fruto da variedade Catuaí (amarelo e vermelho); e duas faces de exposição solar (Noroeste e Sudeste ). Foram utilizados cafés no estádio "cereja", que foram beneficiados e submetidos à análise sensorial. Foram avaliados os atributos sensoriais percepção geral, bebida limpa, balanço, retrogosto, doçura, acidez, corpo e sabor, compondo assim o escore final. As notas foram submetidas à ANOVA e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Do ponto de vista sensorial, os frutos de café de ambas as cores se mostram semelhantes, assim como os cafés localizados em ambas as faces quando esses fatores foram analisados isoladamente. Entretanto, em ...
Resumo -O nematoideMeloidogyne enterolobii causa severos danos à goiabeira, sendo um fator limitante à produção. Os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) podem prejudicar o desenvolvimento de algumas espécies de nematoides fitoparasitos, reduzindo a ovoposição e o número de galhas no sistema radicular de plantas infectadas. Com o presente trabalho, objetivouse avaliar o potencial de FMA, isolados de solos de cerrado nativo, em reduzir a infectividade de M. enterolobii em mudas de goiabeira. Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação, em blocos casualizados com oito repetições, no qual se avaliou a porcentagem de colonização micorrízica, o número de galhas e de ovos do nematoide citado por grama de raiz, na presença de oito diferentes isolados fúngicos, e a testemunha, sem presença de fungo, em goiabeira. Todos os isolados de FMA oriundos do bioma cerrado foram eficientes na colonização das raízes, reduziram o número de galhas do nematoide e afetaram a reprodução; no entanto, o grau de colonização radicular pelos fungos micorrízicos, isoladamente, não é um indicativo de controle da infectividade desse patógeno, já que alguns isolados que apresentaram maior colonização foram menos eficazes na sua redução, de forma que os isolados de FMA avaliados diferiram quanto à eficiência em reduzir a reprodução de M. enterolobii em mudas de goiabeira. Palavras-chave -Micorrizas. Nematoide das galhas. Psidium guajava.Abstract -The nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii causes severe damage to guava tree, being a limiting factor to production. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can impair the development of some species of plant parasitic nematodes by reducing oviposition and the number of galls in the roots of infected plants. The present research aimed to evaluate the potential of AMF, isolated from soils of native savanna, in reducing the infectivity of M. enterolobii in guava tree seedlings. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in randomized block design with eight replications, in which we evaluated the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, the number of galls and eggs of the mentioned nematode per gram of root, in the presence of eight different fungal isolates, and the control without the presence of the fungus, in the guava tree. All AMF isolates from the savanna were effective on root colonization, reduced the number of nematode's galls and affected their reproduction; however, the degree of root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi, alone, is not indicative of infectivity control of this pathogen, since some isolates showing increased colonization were less effective in reducing it, so that the evaluated AMF isolates differed regarding the efficiency in reducing the reproduction of M. enterolobii in guava tree seedlings.
Resumo -Existem várias formas para mensurar a evapotranspiração, desde formas diretas, com a utilização de lisímetros, a indiretas como proposto por Penman-Montheith. Esses métodos podem ser considerados limitados, porque estimam valores pontuais de evapotranspiração para um local específico e não para uma escala mais ampla. Em uma nova perspectiva de trabalho, o emprego do algoritmo denominado Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land -SEBAL possibilita estimar os componentes do balanço de energia e evapotranspiração, fazendo uso apenas das radiâncias espectrais registradas em sensores de satélites e de um conjunto mínimo de dados meteorológicos. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho estimar as componentes do balanço de energia numa lavoura de soja, a partir do algoritmo SEBAL, e comparar com a calculada usando o modelo de PenmanMonteith-FAO. Foram utilizadas duas imagens (órbita 220 e ponto 69), do Mapeador Temático do Satélite LANDTSAT 5 (TM -LANDSAT 5), composta de sete bandas espectrais, obtidas em datas distintas do ciclo da cultura da soja: 06 de janeiro e 07 de fevereiro de 2011, em que a mesma encontrava-se nos estádios fenológicos V9 e R2, respectivamente. Avaliou-se por meio de erros estatísticos o desempenho do SEBAL em estimar a evapotranspiração (ET), e os resultados se mostraram satisfatórios, quando consideradas as condições atmosféricas estáveis, podendo auxiliar na otimização e racionalização do uso da água. Palavras-chave -Glycine max. Landsat 5. SEBAL.Abstract -There are several ways to measure the evaporation from direct ways, using lysimeters, as proposed by the indirect Penman-Montheith. These methods can be considered limited, since evapotranspiration estimates punctual values to a specific location and not to a larger scale. On a new work perspective, the use of the algorithm termed Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land -SEBAL enables to estimate the components of energy balance and evapotranspiration, using only the spectral radiance recorded in satellite sensors and a minimum set meteorological data. This study aimed to estimate the components of energy balance in a soybean crop, from SEBAL algorithm, and to compare it calculated using Penman-Monteith-FAO model. It used two images (path 220 e row 69), from the Thematic Mapper Satellite LANDTSAT 5 (TM -LANDSAT 5), composed of seven spectral bands, obtained at different dates of the cycle of soybean: 06 January and 7 February 2011, in the V9 and R2 growth stages, respectively. It was evaluated through performance statistical errors in estimating the SEBAL evapotranspiration (ET), and the results were satisfactory when considering stable atmospheric conditions and can help in optimization and rationalization of water use.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of coffee tasters in five annual editions of Minas Gerais Coffee Quality Contest. The repeatability coefficients of the tasters' scores for sensory attributes were estimated, as well as the minimum numbers of tasters required for consistent sensory results, and the groups of tasters by (dis)similarity of sensory scores. For the repeatability analysis, the treatments (coffees) were tested with the repetitions, constituted by the tasters. The repeatability coefficients were estimated using the analysis of variance, principal component and structural analysis methods. The minimum number of tasters was obtained based on pre-established determination coefficients. Euclidean distance matrices between tasters were determined, which were used as a measure of dissimilarity for cluster analysis by the Tocher optimization method. The tasters' performance in five annual editions of Minas Gerais Coffee Quality Contest is reliable using COE or SCA sensory analysis protocols. Although not fully calibrated, most tasters are grouped with similar cupping results. Unless efficient calibration prior to the contest is adopted, the number of tasters to be used in the next contest editions can not be drastically and randomly reduced, since the estimated minimum number varied over the years. Calibration activities are suggested to improve two main aspects of the Minas Gerais Coffee Quality Contest: distinguishing the best coffees and trainning tasters.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.