In the current chapter, achievement of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) network within the matrix via various kinds of electric fields (AC and DC) was evaluated. In this case, alignment mechanism of CNTs within the matrix and two useful techniques for justification of CNT alignment throughout the matrix were examined and presented, respectively. Afterward, effective factors in matter of CNT alignment and applicable procedures for fabrication of nanocomposites containing aligned CNTs were studied and presented, respectively. At the end, significant effects of CNT alignment on overall properties of nanocomposites that include electrical and mechanical properties were evaluated. Achieved results revealed that alignment of CNTs within the matrix can lead to significant improvement in the electrical and mechanical properties of nanocomposites at the same filler loading compared with randomly distribution of CNTs within the matrix, while production steps and conditions can also highly affect the outcome data.

No abstract

A novel high selective colorimetric chemosensor was introduced based on a nano diphenyl-based Schiff base (HL), 2,2'-((1E,1'E)-(((hexylazanediyl)bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(4-methylphenol) that synthesized using sonochemical method. HL was characterized by FT-IR, MS, TGA, H NMR,C NMR, SEM and elemental analysis techniques, then fabricated as the portable strips for sensing copper (II) ions in aqueous media. The binding interaction between HL and various metal ions was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopic that showed favorable coordination toward Cu ion. HL exhibited binding-induced color changes from yellow to pink and practically no interference in the presence of other metal ions, i.e., Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb, Mg and Ca. The chemsensor showd the color change from yellow to pink in presence of copper (II) ion in aqueous media due to binging of HL and Cu (II). This sensor can determine the copper (II) at in the rang of 7.5 × 10-1.8 × 10 mol L with a correlation equation: Absorbance = 0.0450[Cu] × 10 + 0.71 and R = 0.975 and low detection limit of 1.89 × 10 mol L. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out at the B3LYP levels of theory with B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) and LANL2DZ/6-311+G(d,p) basis sets for chemosensor and its copper complex respectively. The optimized geometry, harmonic vibrational frequencies, H NMR andC NMR chemical, Molecular orbital (M.O.), Mulliken population analysis (MPA), contour of Electrostatic Potential (ESP) and Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) map of HL were calculated which show good agreement with behavior of sensor for detection of Cu ion.