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Objective: This study was designed to compare the relative efficiency of GC, Tooth Mousse, which contains 10% ACP-CPP and GC Tooth Mousse Plus which contains amorphous calcium phosphate casein phosphopeptide (ACP-CPP) with sodium fluoride 0.2% w/w (900 ppm) to inhibit enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets in vitro. Materials and methods: Forty-five non-carious, human maxillary premolars with no visible enamel defects were collected and bonded with stainless pre-adjusted stainless steel premolar brackets with light-cure composite resin. The teeth were randomly assigned into three groups of 15 teeth and each group coded with unique colored nail varnish leaving a rectangular window extending occlusally. The teeth in each group were immer sed separately in an artificial saliva solution for 11 hours and an acid solution for 1 hour maintained at room temperature. Group I, control group did not receive any application, as Groups II and III received GC Tooth Mousse and GC Tooth Mousse Plus respectively. The teeth were immersed alternately in the saliva and acid solution for 31 days. Two sections, each approximately 0.5 mm thick were obtained from each specimen. The sections were photographed with a polarized light microscope at 4× magnification. The depths of demineralized enamel in each section were measured at three sites. Results: The results of this study showed that GC Tooth Mousse Plus on daily application will provide maximum protection against the enamel demineralization in orthodontic patients, by reducing the lesion formation and simultaneously remineralizing the demineralized area by providing calcium phosphate ions and fluoride ions constantly. Conclusion: GC Tooth Mousse Plus (ACP-CPPF) showed better efficiency in reducing the demineralization and enhancing the remineralization around the orthodontic brackets and have maximum benefit compared to GC Tooth Mousse with good patient compliance.

This study was conducted to evaluate patient’s understanding of orthodontic instructions about the care of their orthodontic appliance and maintenance of oral hygiene during the fixed mechanotherapy. This study was done in the Department of Orthodontics at Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore. A self‑assessed questionnaire was formulated to assess the awareness among patients regarding the care of their fixed appliance. It was distributed among patients and only completely filled questionnaires which were 100 in number were considered for analysis. The questionnaire was divided into 3 categories – Food, Hygiene and General Instructions on Maintenance. The Questionnaire had a total of 18 questions with YES or NO type of response. The data obtained by the survey was statistically analysed. Number of Male and Female patients was 37 and 63 respectively. In the category of Food, the overall positive response was 87.6% whereas negative response was 12.4%. In the category of Hygiene,the overall positive response was 87.2% whereas negative response was 12.8%. In the category of General Instructions and Maintenance, the overall positive response was 83.5%, whereas negative response was 16.5%. Though majority of the patients exhibited impressive levels of understanding regarding food and hygiene, there was a lack of awareness about the general instructions and maintenance. So as orthodontists, we need to emphasize more on the awareness of patients regarding the care of their appliance which will go a long way in improving the overall results.

The basis of orthodontic therapy is the ability to control the force system applied to the teeth. Yet, the relationship between the point at which a given force is exerted on a tooth and the center of rotation (CRot) for the movement that such force produces is not completely understood. [1] Orthodontic forces can be treated mathematically as vectors. When more than one force is applied to a tooth, the forces can be combined to determine a single overall resultant. Forces can also be divided into components in order to determine effects parallel and perpendicular to the occlusal plane, Frankfort horizontal, or the long axis of the tooth.Forces produce translation (bodily movement), rotation, or a combination of translation and rotation, depending on the relationship of the line of action of the force to the center of resistance of the tooth. The ratio between the net moment and net force on a tooth moment to force ratio (male/female ratio) with reference to the center of resistance determines the CRot. Since most forces are applied at the bracket, it is necessary to compute equivalent force systems at the center of resistance in order to predict tooth movement. [2] The study of teeth displacement following the application of orthodontic loading regimes is not trivial as it depends on several and complex parameters such as material properties of periodontal tissues, shape and length of tooth, width of