Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) Energy Research Co-operation Platform (ERCP) is an international program for developing energy-based sustainable development and sharing advanced energy technologies. BRICS is a heterogeneous club of nations having around a quarter of GDP, supplyling energy products to 40 percent of the world's population. The central objectives of the study are (a) the overall production consumption gap in energy use, (b) details of energy production, consumption; total proved reserves, import, export of energy, growth rate of energy consumption, (c) associations among energy use, demographic, socio-economic and environmental aspects and (d) policy measures undertaken to reduce energy gap along with pathways to the low-carbon environment. The study is based on the secondary data on (a) energy proved reserves, production and consumption for the period 2011-2021, (b) associated demographic, socio-economic, and environment related data obtained from different reports and others. Results have been presented through tabular forms and through figures, and percentages. Among BRICS countries, there are heterogeneous production-consumption gaps for different sources of energy, particularly oil.

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Dairy sector plays a vital role in the case of a nation’s food supply, engagement of rural workforce etc. Milk production, consumption and per capita availability in India have been increasing rapidly. Some of the challenges in dairy sector are pricing, low milk productivity due to intrinsic (low genetic potential) and extrinsic (poor nutrition/feed management, ineffective veterinary and inefficient execution of breed improvement programmes), shortage of feed/fodder and organized private sector. Access to technological innovations, improvement in infrastructural etc have been quite significant to give a strong boost to dairy development. Government has adopted several schemes for improving milk quality and quantity. All the dairy related variables are mostly pair-wise significantly positively correlated. With the help of ‘Dendrogram’, Indian states have been clustered into three clusters namely ‘High’, ‘Moderate’ and ‘Low’. Some policy recommendations for strengthening dairy sector in India have been made.

Worldwide, life expectancy at birth -a measure of the age to which a newborn would live if subject to current mortality patterns for its lifetime -reached 73 years in 2019. Increase in life expectancy around the world in recent decades reflects the success of human development. Yet differences exist in mortality levels, age patterns, and trends between countries and regions. Understanding the socioeconomic implications of the diverse mortality levels and age patterns and potential future trends is critical for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Sustainable Development Goal 3, "Global Health and Well-Being", comprises targets that contribute directly to rising life expectancy. However, all Sustainable Development Goals are interrelated and progress towards each of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals contributes to longer and healthier lives by improving living conditions for all.This data booklet presents selected findings drawn from the latest mortality estimates and projections as published in World Population Prospects 2019. All information is available at www. unpopulation.org.