Kawasan hutan maupun sungai-sungai di Kalimantan Tengah, telah terdampak akibat kegiatan penambangan emas skala kecil (ilegal) selama puluhan tahun. Para penambang menggunakan merkuri sebagai bahan kimia utama dalam prosesekstraksi emas, dan setiap tahun melepaskan tidak kurang dari 1.000ton bahan berbahaya ini ke lingkungan, baik udara maupun air. Pencemaran merkuri di lingkungan perairan, dapat dikurangi atau dihilangkan dengan menggunakan sekelompok mikroorganisme yang mampu untuk mereduksi merkuri yang disebut dengan bioremediasi. Metode bioremediasi lebih ekonomis, karena mikroorganisme memiliki kemampuan untuk mendegradasi kontaminan ke dalam bentuk yang tidak berbahaya. Bakteri dan alga yang hidup di perairan sekitar tambang emas diduga memiliki kemampuan resistensi terhadap kontaminan logam berat merkuri. Sampel bakteri dan alga yang diambil dari sekitar tambang diseleksi dengan perlakuan merkuri (Hg) untuk mengetahui potensinya sebagai bioremediator logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Eksplorasi dan Optimasi Mikroorganisme Potensial untuk Bioremediasi Merkuri dari Areal Tambang Emas di Sungai Kahayan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 5 titik yang teridiri 3 titik di areal tambang (T1, T2, T3), 1 titik di hulu tambang (HU), dan 1 titik di hilir tambang (HI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) mikroalga potensial bioremediasi merkuri dari areal tambang emas sungai Kahayan termasuk ke dalam genus Chlorella dan mampu bertahan dengan perlakuan konsentrasi Hg sampai 7 ppm; dan (2) bakteri potensial bioremediasi merkuri dari areal tambang emas sungai Kahayan mampu bertahan dengan perlakuan konsentrasi Hg sampai 13 ppm yang terdiri dari 3 isolat, yakni I1 (bakteri dari sampel air), I2 (bakteri dari sampel air), dan I3 (bakteri dari sampel sedimen). Ketiga isolat bakteri potensial termasuk ke dalam kelompok bakteri Gram Negatif. Isolat 1 dan isolat 3 merupakan spesies Pseudomonas sp. berdasarkan kemampuannya menghasilkan pigmen berwarna kuning pada media cair.
Environmental damage due to natural resource extraction, especially in watershed areas, seems to be of increasing concern and so far, from the aspect of aquatic and water resources, plankton is commonly used as an indicator of environmental damage. This study explores the distribution of microphyta as a parameter of environmental damage. The research was conducted in Pager watershed, Central Kalimantan and sampled at 2 (two) stations, namely station A (for the right side of the river) and station B (for the left side of the river). The study was conducted 13 sampling times, which began in the period 25 May 2019 ending until 9 November 2019. Laboratory analysis to identify the type and number of microphyta was carried out at the Palangka Raya University Laboratory. The results showed that the number of microphyta taxa at station A (right side of the river) was 12-13 species, more than station B (left side of the river). The number of microphyta taxa at Station B is 8 - 9 species, it is suspected that there is an influence from the gray water settlements around the left side, especially when the water level drops. The distribution characteristics of microphyta in the Pager river are as follows: large number of taxa/species, low abundance and low diversity index. River/peat water environments are vulnerable to change, especially human interference. This research shows the potential use of microphyta as an indicator of environmental damage.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.