Dermatomyositis (DM) associated with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody is a rare autoimmune disease. Anti-MDA5, also known as anti-CADM-140 antibodies. DM affects the skeletal muscle, skin, joints, and lungs and is a form of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). All the 5 dermatomyositis MDA5+ positive patients had rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). DM is classified into 2 types, classic dermatomyositis (CDM) and clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM). Anti-MDA5 antibody-positive as RP-ILD without signs of DM or CADM. RP-ILD in patients with CADM associated with antibodies to MDA5 has a high mortality rate. MDA5+ DM is diagnosed by DM rashes (Gottron’s papules or Gottron’s sign and heliotrope rash) and a positive anti-MDA5. RP-ILD includes acute/subacute interstitial pneumonia, which is a progressive deterioration associated with ILD. Immunosuppressives are effective agents for the treatment of anti-MDA5-positive RP-ILD of CADM.

A chronic, occlusive cerebrovascular illness known as Moya Moya, sometimes known as "hazy puff of smoke," involves bilateral stenosis or occlusion of the proximal sections of the anterior cerebral arteries and Middle Cerebral Arteries (MCAs) as well as the terminal portion of the Internal Carotid Arteries (ICAs). The internal carotid artery becomes progressively occluded and stenotic in Moya Moya, an idiopathic illness. A 34 year old woman with a known case of Moya Moya disease has been admitted to the hospital with the same complaints of weakness in the right and lower limbs. CT Angiography showed a significant narrowing of bilateral internal carotid favoring multivessel intracranial vascular disease and right hemiparesis. She had undergone STA MCA surgery previously in June 2021. Now as she admits with the similar complaints she was posted again for STA MCA surgery in May 2022 where she showed a positive outcome post surgery. Moya Moya disease management is still not well-defined and is based on unique methods. In this patient Moya Moya disease is recurring which may make the patient prone to strokes incase of severe narrowing of arteries which may be life threatening. In order to stop more stroke episodes from occurring and to enhance outcomes, adult patients with Moya Moya disease require careful, long-term neurologic and radiologic follow-up.

Takayasu arteritis, also called pulseless disease, is the chronic inflammation of the vessels, mainly the aorta and large vessels. It mainly affects females more than males with the ratio of 2.15:1 and in the second and third decade of life. Mechanism may be transmural fibrous thickening of the arterial walls. Takayasu’s is characterized by granulomatous inflammation of the vessel wall, leading to occlusion of the vessel wall. It is represented with claudication, fever, arthralgia. Clinical features are chest pain, vascular bruits, Hypertension. Investigation is based on angiography and CT scan. Medical treatment prednisolone is the first line agent 1mg/kg/day maximum dose is 60mg/day with gradual tapering as per European league against rheumatism guidelines, methotrexate and azathioprine are for inducing remission of arterial lesions, tumour necrosis factor-a antagonists, anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody like tocilizumab. Surgical treatment is angioplasty and stenting renal artery stenosis but less invasive and safest method is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Takayasu arteritis might be associated with Tuberculosis, yet, the relationship and mechanism are not clearly understood. Here we report a case of Takayasu arteritis associated with tuberculosis.

The COVID-19 pandemic brought on by the SARS-COV-2 is a novel healthcare problem. A cytokine storm caused by the hyper-inflammation present in this pandemic leads to serious consequences such micro thrombosis. There have been reports of some male genital organs being impacted by very severe illness instances, leading to erectile dysfunction (ED). Given the high rate of COVID-19 transmission, ED could also be a serious outcome for a sizable portion of the population. It is still little understood and is crucial given that the virus has been discovered in pensile tissue. In this account, we sought to compile potential explanations for the ED development driven by COVID-19. The psychological toll of COVID-19 and endothelial dysfunction, which are among the routes of ED, are now better understood according to recent research.