Classical engineering design aims
to solve the problem at hand,
perhaps not considering potential deleterious consequences to the
broader environmental system. Sustainable engineering design has incorporated
the environment into the designed solution, but it passively attempts
to “not harm” the environment. The recently coined techno-ecological
synergy (TES) concept attempts to balance ecological demands (i.e.,
conventional impacts) with ecological services, either by minimizing
ecological impacts or by developing new ecosystems. Beyond these apparently
passive approaches, environmentally aligned engineered solutions that
engage the environmental inner workings into the solution paradigm
are necessitated. Here, we introduce this paradigm-shifting concept,
i.e., symbiotic engineering, which can actively engage existing environmental
synergies (e.g., interdependence between species) into the engineering
solution domain. The perspective discusses natural symbiosis, outlines
the principles of symbiotic engineering, and applies this novel construct
to propose example solutions to enduring environmental challenges.
Hence, this perspective will serve as a milestone in the pursuit of
symbiotic engineering to design solutions for large-scale environmental
engineering challenges.
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