Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis ruang lingkup bahan ajar IPA kelas IV tema 2. Bahan ajar IPA kelas IV tema 2 diharapkan mampu menimbulkan keterampilan proses sains yang ada pada diri siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode peneltian kepustakaan, teknik pengumpulan yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi. Berdasarkan materi Hemat Energi yang terdapat dalam buku teks kelas IV tema 2, guru mampu memunculkan keterampilan proses sains yang terdapat pada siswa melalui aktivitas yang terdapat dalam buku tersebut. Melalui kegiatan tersebut siswa mampu mengembangkan kemampuan dirinya baik kemampuan fisik maupun menta sebagai langkah awal untuk meningkatkan kemampuan yang dimilikinya. Kemampuan fisik dan mental tersebut pada dasarnya dimiliki oleh siswa meskipun masih sederhana dan perlu didorong untuk menunjukkan jati dirinya.

The reliability of medical devices such as extraction forceps is vital for dental and oral care. Apart from having hygienic properties, the extraction forceps must be strong and resistant to corrosion. This study evaluates the effects of tempering temperature on the hardness and microstructure of a medical device's material made from stainless-steel DIN 4021. In the experiments, a heat treatment process was carried out previously with a temperature of 1,050°C and a holding time of 20 minutes. A quenching process was conducted using a cooling channel that flowed with water at 10-20°C. After the heat treatment, the material was subjected to a tempering process with temperature variations of 200, 400, and 600°C. The research results indicated that the heat treatment process could increase the material's hardness value—the hardness value of the raw material changed from 20 to 48.67 HRC with the heat treatment. The tempering parameters resulted in the highest hardness value of 46.67 HRC at 200°C and the lowest value of 42.33 HRC at 600°C. Microstructure testing using optical microscopy showed that it produced ferrite, pearlite, and martensite structures. In contrast, the result of a microstructure testing using Scanning Electron Microscopy on the surface of the material is that the higher the tempering temperature, the larger the particles' area and dimension.

If we speak about language, we know that it has four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. But many students are not competent for all skill, although these skills relate to each other. For example, the student could not speak Arabic only by listening and vice versa, as well as the skill of the book and reading, and could not dictate the ability to read. In this research, the researcher focused on teaching speech skills in terms of the problems faced by students at the university stage, especially in the Department of Arabic Language Education. Because the students at the university stage feel the difficulty in speaking in Arabic, although this skill is one of the important skills in the language, because the language is the speech, and sometimes they speak Arabic, but they mixed in the mother tongue compound or single. From this research, the researcher hopes to know the problems and difficulties faced by students of the Department of Arabic language education, especially in the skill of speech and knowledge of solutions that benefit students of the Department of Arabic language education to solve problems and difficulties when learning the skill of speech among university students. In this research, we know that the problems faced by the students of the Department of Arabic Language Education are varied, such as language problems, psychological problems, and practical problems such as lack of vocabulary, fear, shyness, lack of training and training in Arabic speaking outside the classroom. Students are encouraged to speak and to remove the fear of them by showing that all students have the equal opportunity to develop the skill of speech and some are not superior to others.

Islamic boarding schools as educational institutions that have the principal principle of tafaaquh fi din have a tremendous influence on their santri. In addition, history also records from before the independent state of Indonesia, that pesantren became the frontline in expelling colonial colonizers and presenting peace in the archipelago even today. Even so, lately there have been a number of pesantren that have lost their way, they have stopped paying attention to the security and peace of the nation, they only think that in a pesantren it is a place to explore religious knowledge not others. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore the pesantren in fortifying the Pancasila. This study is a linear field with a descriptive qualitative approach, where data collected in the form of written or oral words from people who are the subject of research and observable behavior. Research data is sought through observation, interviews, and documentation. This research produces several things: first; the role of pesantren in rejang lebong and kepahiang districts is very good in terms of education, da'wah which is tasamuh, religious and moral services as well as ukhuwah islamiyah, except the second pesantren as Syafi'i imam; the efforts made by the pesantren in fortifying Pancasila, namely: the formation of friendly Islam with the TNI and the Police and the Commemoration of national and Islamic holidays, as well as social services. In contrast to the efforts made by the imam as Syafi'i pesantren which is to establish communication with the guardians of the santri who agree with them.

Kethek Ogleng is a unique factor that shapes the aesthetics of language learning. Unfortunately, the relation between Kethek Ogleng and language learning draws only a little attention. To reveal the phenomenon, the present qualitative descriptive study was performed by investigating Indonesian language learning based on Kethek Ogleng dance. The study was conducted in SMPN (State Junior High School) 3 Nawangan, to the second semester ninth grade students of the 2017/2018 academic year. The research findings reveal that the approach can build the level of ecological intelligence of the students. Based on the responses to the questionnaire distributed, the average level of ecological intelligence and environmental skills of the students shows signs of progress. The data indicate that the mean score was 3.2 and the percentage of ecological intelligence was 65%, indicating the attainment of knowledge and skills of school and home environment preservation. The indicators of the success of this approach can be seen in the changes of attitude and behavior of students in environmental management, covering clean and healthy classrooms and toilets, the use of recyclable materials, water and electricity conservation in the classroom, protection of trees and plants around the classrooms, proper treatment of trash, and organic and inorganic waste utilization.