Aim: To know the prevalence of sexual activity, their sexual behaviour and attitude towards sex among unmarried adolescent females. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital-based prospective observational study. The study duration was 1 year. The study participants were unmarried girls between the age group of 10–19 years who gave written informed consent. In the case of a minor, consent was obtained from parents also. Pre-designed, pre-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to evaluate the sexual behaviour. Results: Out of the 320 adolescents presented to the OPD, only 165 consented to participate in the study. Prevalence of sexual activity was 16.9% (28/165) in the study. Eight (8/165) adolescent girls have not attained menarche and all were not having any knowledge of sex. Three girls were the victims of sexual exploitation. Around 64% of these girls were sexually active with their classmates. All the sexually active females were having intercourse through the vaginal route, however non-vaginal route was also practiced by 6 girls. Home (11, 39%) was the preferred place followed by the hotel (10, 35.7%) for sexual activity. Conclusion: Prevalence of sexual activity is low among Indians as compared to the western world but it may be a tip of iceberg as it is a hospital-based study. This is the first study that assessed the route of intercourse, frequency of sexual activity, and place preferred by these adolescents to evaluate the sexual health behaviour.

Background: Urinary tract infection is a key public health issue causing morbidity, especially in women population. This problem is further aggravated in pregnant women. Aims:This study was designed to evaluate the drug prescribing behaviour and adverse drug reaction monitoring in urinary tract infection patients in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods:The present study was prospective, observational and carried out for four months, and done to assess the drug utilization pattern, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and to identify the bacterial pathogens associated with UTI and their susceptibility to antibiotics.Results:A total of 327 female patients were evaluated, out of which 248 (75.84%) cases were symptomatic. The study reflected maximum of 50.46% UTI in the age group 21-30 years. Pathogens isolated after a urine culture were of both Gram positive 131 (40.07%) and Gram negative 196 (59.93%) type. The maximum incidence (45.80 %) occurred in last trimester of pregnancy. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic to the pregnant patients in our study was Nitrofurantoin, whereas Amoxicillin with Clavulanic acid was most frequently used in non pregnant cases. Most common ADRs reported with almost all classes of antibiotics was nausea and vomiting followed by vaginal irritation, skin rash and photosensitivity.Conclusion:To ensure appropriate therapy, current knowledge of the pathogenic organism and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern is mandatory, especially in cases of UTI with pregnancy.

Granulomas are a rare finding on Papanicolaou (Pap) smear which if encountered are usually attributed to tuberculosis, especially in an endemic country like India. Here, we report an interesting case of a 40-year-old female presenting with blood-stained discharge and chronic pelvic pain for 8 years. She was advised Pap smear which showed granulomatous inflammation suggestive of tuberculosis. The patient was worked up for tuberculosis which was noncontributory. Dilatation and curettage was done which revealed multiple small bones and bony chips in the endometrial cavity. Following the removal of bones, the patient showed considerable symptomatic improvement. Repeat Pap smear did not reveal any evidence of granuloma. Even after extensive search of literature, we did not come across any such case report in which intrauterine retention of fetal bones evoked a granulomatous response in cervical smears though the presence of uterine granulomas in response to foreign body has been well documented.