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With the rapid advancement of technology and decline in human ability, technology has become a part of every aspect of our lives. Agriculture and irrigation are two domains in which man's potential may be exploited to its fullest. To commercialise in the industry, a variety of sensors and electronics devices are employed to keep prices down in a few domains. In order to save money and enhance the abilities of agricultural experts, UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) can be used for reconnaissance, pesticide and insecticide application, and bioprocessing mistake detection. When it comes to this application, both single-mode and multi-mode UAV systems will work just fine. On the other hand, this chapter identifies the challenges and limitations of IoT and UAVs connection in remote locations, demonstrating several use cases of smart agriculture and the advantages and applications of using IoT and UAVs in agriculture.

Improved sensitivity for both threshold voltage and ON-current has been reported in the present manuscript for Asymmetric Junctionless Dual Material Double Gate MOSFET (AJDMDG MOSFET) biosensor. The device has been constructed with both neutral and charged biomolecules in presence of high-K dielectric material. Threshold voltage is evaluated after computing minimum surface potential by solving 2D Poisson’s equation with parabolic-potential configuration subject to realistic boundary conditions. Analytical findings exhibit excellent agreement with TCAD simulation, which leads to an investigation of threshold voltage sensitivity with front-gate voltage having all feasible dimensional variations. Corresponding drain current sensitivity with a higher ON-to-OFF current ratio is theoretically estimated and compared with identical DGFET architecture, leading to significant improvement for all possible step patterns considering the steric hinderance issue for moderately filled cavities; which helps in detecting both labelled and label-free electrical species at lower concentration levels. 

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